Novel anticancer agent

ABSTRACT

The problem of the present invention is to provide a useful prodrug compound of a naphthofuran compound. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (IA): 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     [wherein each symbol is as described in the DESCRIPTION] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a prodrug of a naphthofuran compound ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Also, the present inventionrelates to a pharmaceutical composition containing the above-mentionedprodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Furthermore, thepresent invention relates to an anticancer agent containing theabove-mentioned prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,and an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer metastasisand/or cancer recurrence.

BACKGROUND ART

A prodrug is a compound which scarcely shows expected efficacy by itselfbut, after administration into the body, is converted to a drug as anactive compound by undergoing metabolism by hydrolysis, oxidation,reduction, and the like under physiological conditions to show efficacy.It aims at persistence of pharmacological actions, increase inwater-solubility, reduction of side effects and toxicity, improvement ofstability in vivo, improvement of taste and odor, and improvement ofbioavailability by oral administration (particularly, easy absorptionfrom gastrointestinal tract) and the like, as compared to administrationof the drug itself as an active compound.

When a prodrug is designed, consideration is necessary to achieveconversion to an active compound by undergoing metabolism by hydrolysis,oxidation, reduction and the like under physiological conditions. As atypical example thereof, a method including modifying a functional groupthat the active compound itself has such as amino group, hydroxy group,carboxy group and the like with a particular group is known. Forexample, it is known that a modifying group is removed by hydrolysis andthe like under physiological conditions to restore an amino group, ahydroxy group or a carboxy group in a compound wherein an amino groupthereof is eicosanoylated, alanylated, pentylaminocarbonylated,(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methoxycarbonylated,tetrahydrofuranylated, pyrrolidylmethylated, pivaloyloxymethylated ortert-butylated when the active compound has an amino group; a compoundwherein a hydroxy group thereof is acetylated, palmitoylated,propanoylated, pivaloylated, succinylated, fumarylated, alanylated ordimethylaminomethylcarbonylated when the active compound has a hydroxygroup; a compound wherein a carboxy group thereof is ethylesterified,phenylesterified, carboxymethylesterified,dimethylaminomethylesterified, pivaloyloxymethylesterified,1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethylesterified, phthalidylesterified,(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methylesterified or1-cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxyethylesterified when the active compound has acarboxy group, and the like.

A naphthofuran compound represented by the following formula (A)(hereinafter sometimes to be referred to as compound (A)) has aninhibitory action on Stat3, β-catenin, Nanog pathways and the like,particularly induces apoptosis of cancer stem cells, and is a compoundexpected to effectively suppress cancer recurrence or metastasis (patentdocuments 1-5, non-patent documents 1-4).

Since compound (A) has low solubility and is unsuitable for injection,it is developed as an oral preparation. However, since it shows low oralabsorbability, administration of a high dose is necessary even whenpharmaceutical studies of pulverization of bulk powder, use ofsolubilizing agents and the like are performed, which gives rise toconcern about unexpected side effects such as disorder of digestivetract and the like. Therefore, it is desired to achieve improvement oforal absorbability, persistence of pharmacological action, and reductionof side effects and toxicity by converting to a prodrug. Furthermore,since oral administration is often difficult for cancer patients, thedevelopment of an injection is also desired. Accordingly, improvement ofsolubility by converting to a prodrug is desired.

DOCUMENT LIST Patent Documents

-   Patent document 1: JP-A-2013-522326-   Patent document 2: JP-A-2013-522325-   Patent document 3: JP-A-2010-539098-   Patent document 4: JP-A-2010-539097-   Patent document 5: JP-A-2010-539095

Non-Datent Documents

-   Non-patent document 1: 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting abstracts, No. 2530-   Non-patent document 2: 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting abstracts, No. 2546-   Non-patent document 3: 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting abstracts, No.    TPS3660-   Non-patent document 4: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2015, 112(6),    pages 1839-1844

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

Since the above-mentioned compound (A) does not have a functional groupsuch as amino group, hydroxy group, carboxy group and the like, aconventional prodrug method by a modifying group cannot be applied.While compound (A) has a structure in which an acetyl group is bonded toaromatic heterocycle, there are only a small number of examples of aprodrug by conversion to an acetyl group and a novel method ofconverting to a prodrug needs to be developed.

The problem of the present invention is to provide a 10 prodrug compoundimproved in the solubility, oral absorbability, persistence and sideeffects such as disorder of gastrointestinal tract and the like of anaphthofuran compound represented by the formula (B) to be mentionedlater. Furthermore, it is provision of an anticancer agent superior insolubility, oral absorbability and persistence, and showing less sideeffects and high safety.

Means of Solving the Problems

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in an attempt tosolve the aforementioned problems and found a novel method for aprodrug, and found that a compound represented by the following formula(IA) or formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, hassuperior oral absorbability, and further, is easily converted to anaphthofuran compound represented by the formula (B′) or formula (B) tobe mentioned later, which shows an extremely superior anticancer actionas a medicament in the body, and shows superior persistence, whichresulted in the completion of the present invention.

The compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of thepresent invention have high oral absorbability, are converted, afteradministration, to a compound having a superior anticancer action oncancer cells and capable of inducing apoptosis of cancer stem cells, andshow superior persistence. Therefore, they can be a superior anticanceragent particularly capable of preventing or treating cancer metastasisand/or cancer recurrence.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to

-   [1] a compound represented by the formula (IA):

-   wherein-   R¹ in the number of n are each independently-   a hydrogen atom,-   a halogen atom,-   hydroxy,-   is amino,-   cyano,-   nitro,-   C₁₋₁₂ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α,-   aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s)    selected from substituent group α,-   C₁₋₆ alkoxy optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   aryloxy optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₁₋₆ alkylthio optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α, or-   arylthio optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α, or-   two R¹ bonded to the adjacent carbon atoms on a benzene ring are    optionally joined to form C₁₋₄ alkylenedioxy optionally substituted    by substituent(s) selected from substituent group α,-   R² is-   C₁₋₁₂ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α,-   aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α, or-   a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s)    selected from substituent group α,-   R³ is-   a hydrogen atom,-   a halogen atom,-   cyano,-   nitro,-   C₁₋₁₂ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α,-   aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s)    selected from substituent group α,-   C₁₋₆ alkoxy optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   aryloxy optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₁₋₆ alkylthio optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α, or-   arylthio optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   n is an integer of 1-4, and-   the substituent group α consists of-   a halogen atom,-   hydroxy,-   optionally substituted amino,-   carboxy,-   C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl,-   a sulfonic acid group (sulfo group),-   a phosphoric acid group,-   a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group,-   cyano,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₆ alkyl,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy,-   C₁₋₆ alkylthio,-   optionally substituted aryl,-   optionally substituted aryloxy,-   aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy,-   an optionally substituted heterocyclyl group,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl,-   heterocyclylcarbonyl,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy,-   arylcarbonyloxy,-   heterocyclylcarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy,-   heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted heterocyclyloxy,-   tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonyl and-   C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl,-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [2] a compound represented by the formula (I):

-   wherein-   R¹ is-   a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom,-   R² is-   C₁₋₁₂ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α,-   aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from    substituent group α,-   aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α, or-   a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s)    selected from substituent group α,-   n is an integer of 1-4, and-   the substituent group α consists of-   a halogen atom,-   hydroxy,-   optionally substituted amino,-   carboxy,-   C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl,-   a sulfonic acid group (sulfo group),-   a phosphoric acid group,-   a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group,-   cyano,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₆ alkyl,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy,-   C₁₋₆ alkylthio,-   optionally substituted aryl,-   optionally substituted aryloxy,-   aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy,-   an optionally substituted heterocyclyl group,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl,-   heterocyclylcarbonyl,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy,-   arylcarbonyloxy,-   heterocyclylcarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy,-   heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted heterocyclyloxy,-   tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonyl and-   C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl,-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [3] the compound of the above-mentioned [1] or [2], wherein the    substituent group α consists of-   a halogen atom,-   hydroxy,-   optionally substituted amino,-   carboxy,-   C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl,-   a sulfonic acid group (sulfo group),-   a phosphoric acid group,-   a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group,-   cyano,-   C₁₋₆ alkyl,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl,-   C₁₋₆ alkoxy,-   optionally substituted aryl,-   optionally substituted aryloxy,-   aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy,-   an optionally substituted heterocyclyl group,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl,-   heterocyclylcarbonyl,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy,-   heterocyclylcarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy,-   heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy,-   optionally substituted heterocyclyloxy and-   tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio,-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [4] the compound of the above-mentioned [2], wherein-   R² is C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s)-   selected from substituent group α, C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally    substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent group α,-   C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from substituent group α, aryl optionally substituted by    substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl    optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent    group α, or a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by    substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, and    -   the substituent group α consists of-   a halogen atom, hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a    sulfonic acid group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group, cyano,    C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, aryl and a heterocyclyl    group,-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [5] the compound of the above-mentioned [2], wherein-   R² is-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkyl    phosphoric acid group, a heterocyclyl group, optionally substituted    C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,    heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy and    heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy;-   (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group;-   (3) a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s)    selected from hydroxy and optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl; or-   (4) aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted by substituent(s) selected from    hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group,-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [6] the compound of the above-mentioned [2], wherein-   R² is-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionally    substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy and heterocyclylcarbonyloxy; or-   (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from optionally substituted amino and a heterocyclyl group; or-   (3) a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by optionally    substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl,-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [7] the compound of any of the above-mentioned [1]-[6], wherein R¹    in the number of n is a hydrogen atom, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof;-   [8] the compound of the above-mentioned. [1], which is any of the    compounds of Examples 1-154, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt    thereof;-   [9] the compound of the above-mentioned [1], which is

-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [10] the compound of the above-mentioned [1], which is

-   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;-   [11] the compound of the above-mentioned [1], which is

-   [12] a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any of    the above-mentioned [1]-[11] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt    thereof as an active ingredient;-   [13] an anticancer agent comprising a compound of any of the    above-mentioned [1]-[11] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt    thereof as an active ingredient;-   [14] a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for cancer, cancer    metastasis and/or cancer recurrence, comprising a compound of any of    the above-mentioned [1]-[11] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt    thereof as an active ingredient;-   [15] the agent of the above-mentioned [13] or [14], targeting a    cancer stem cell;-   and the like.

Effect of the Invention

A compound represented by the above-mentioned formula (IA) (hereinaftersometimes to be referred to as compound (IA)) and a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof of the present invention are prodrugs whichundergo, after administration to the body, metabolism such as hydrolysisand the like under physiological conditions and are converted to acompound represented by the following formula (B′) (hereinaftersometimes to be referred to as compound (B′)), and a compoundrepresented by the formula (I) (hereinafter sometimes to be referred toas compound (I)) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, whichare encompassed in compound (IA), are prodrugs which undergo, afteradministration to the body, metabolism such as hydrolysis and the likeunder physiological conditions and are converted to a compoundrepresented by the following formula (B) (hereinafter sometimes to bereferred to as compound (B)). They have high oral absorbability andsuperior persistence, and are useful as anticancer agents, or agents forthe prophylaxis or treatment of cancer metastasis and/or cancerrecurrence.

In addition, a medicament containing compound (IA) or compound (I) ofthe present invention as an active ingredient shows high oralabsorbability and less side effects, and therefore, it can be a highlysafe therapeutic agent for cancer or an agent for the prophylaxis ortreatment of cancer metastasis and/or cancer recurrence. Moreover, sincecompound (IA) or compound (I) of the present invention show improvedwater-solubility, compound (IA) or compound (I) can be each prepared asan injection, which is heretofore difficult to prepare from compound(B′) and compound (B).

Compound (IA) or compound (I) of the present invention, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are useful as agents for theprophylaxis or treatment of, but are not limited to, breast cancer, headand neck cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer,colonrectal cancer, prostate cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngealcancer, pituitary cancer, gallbladder cancer, thyroid cancer, salivarygland cancer, urinary bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma,hepatoma, cervical cancer, endometrial carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma,Ewing's sarcoma, medulloblastoma, sarcoma, brain tumor, gastric cancer,multiple myeloma, leukemia or lymphoma.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The present invention is explained in detail in the following.

The definition of the term and each symbol used in the presentspecification is explained in the following.

In the present specification, the “halogen atom” refers to a fluorineatom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkyl” means a linear orbranched chain monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1-6 carbonatoms. Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkyl” include methyl, ethyl, propyl,isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl,neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 4-methylpentyl, hexyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₁₂ alkyl” means a linear orbranched chain monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1-12 carbonatoms. Examples of the “C₁₋₁₂ alkyl” include methyl, ethyl, propyl,isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl,neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 4-methylpentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl,decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl” means a monovalentgroup induced from a saturated hydrocarbon ring having 3-7 carbon atoms.The “cycloalkyl” may be crosslinked. Examples of the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl”include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyland the like.

In the present specification, the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₆ alkyl” means amonovalent group wherein the aforementioned “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl” is bondedto the aforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkyl”. Examples of the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkylC₁₋₆ alkyl” include cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl,cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cycloheptylmethyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₄ alkylene” means a linear orbranched chain divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1-4 carbonatoms. Examples of the “C₁₋₄ alkylene” include methylene, ethylene,propane-1,3-diyl, butane-1,4-diyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkenyl” means a monovalentgroup induced from an unsaturated hydrocarbon ring having 3-7 carbonatoms. The “cycloalkenyl” may be crosslinked. Examples of the “C₃₋₇cycloalkenyl” include cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl,cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₂₋₆ alkenyl” means a linear orbranched chain monovalent hydrocarbon group having one or morecarbon-carbon double bond and 2-6 carbon atoms. Examples of the “C₂₋₅alkenyl” include vinyl, 1-propenyl (allyl), 2-propenyl, isopropenyl,2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-buten-2-yl,3-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-buten-2-yl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl,3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 2-penten-2-yl, 2-penten-3-yl,4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, butadienyl (e.g.,but-1,3-dien-1-yl), pentadienyl (e.g., penta-l,3-dien-1-yl) and thelike.

In the present specification, the “C₂₋₆ alkynyl” means a linear orbranched chain monovalent hydrocarbon group having one or morecarbon-carbon triple bonds and 2-6 carbon atoms. Examples of the “C₂₋₆alkynyl” include ethenyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl,3-butynyl, 3-methyl-2-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl,4-pentynyl, 4-methyl-1-pentynyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkoxy” means a group whereinthe aforementioned “C₁₋₅ alkyl” group is bonded to an oxygen atom, i.e.,a straight chain or branched chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms.Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkoxy” include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy,isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy,isopentyloxy, neopentyloxy, 1-ethylpropyloxy, hexyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₄ alkylenedioxy” means a divalentgroup wherein an oxygen atom is bonded to each of the two binding sitesof the aforementioned “C₁₋₄ alkylene” group. Examples of the “C₁₋₄alkylenedioxy” include methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy, propane-1,3-dioxy,butane-1,4-dioxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkylthio” means a group whereinthe aforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkyl” group is bonded to a sulfur atom, i.e.,a straight chain or branched chain alkylthio group having 1-6 carbonatoms. Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkylthio” include methylthio, ethylthio,propylthio, isopropylthio, butylthio, isobutylthio, sec-butylthio,tert-butylthio, pentylthio, isopentylthio, neopentylthio,1-ethylpropylthio, hexylthio and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl” means a groupwherein the aforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkoxy” group is bonded to carbonyl,i.e., a straight chain or branched chain alkoxy-carbonyl group having1-6 carbon atoms. Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl” includemethoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl,butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl,tert-butoxycarbonyl, pentyloxycarbonyl, isopentyloxycarbonyl,neopentyloxycarbonyl, 1-ethylpropyloxycarbonyl, hexyloxycarbonyl and thelike.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl” means agroup wherein the nitrogen atom of a “C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoyl (C₁₋₆alkyl-S(O)₂NH₂)” group is bonded to carbonyl, i.e., a straight chain orbranched chain alkylsulfamoyl-carbonyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl” includemethanesulfamoylcarbonyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group”means a monovalent group wherein the same or different theaforementioned two “C₁₋₆ alkyl” groups are esterified to a phosphoricacid group. Examples of the “di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group”include dimethylphosphoric acid group, diethylphosphoric acid group,dipropylphosphoric acid group, diisopropylphosphoric acid group,dibutylphosphoric acid group, diisobutylphosphoric acid group, disec-butylphosphoric acid group, di-tert-butylphosphoric acid group andthe like.

In the present specification, the “aryl” means a monovalent aromatichydrocarbon group having 6-14 carbon atoms. Examples of the “aryl”include phenyl, naphthyl (e.g., 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl),acenaphthylenyl, azulenyl, anthryl, phenanthryl and the like.

In the present specification, the “aryloxy” means a monovalent groupwherein the aforementioned “aryl” group is bonded to an oxygen atom.Examples of the “aryloxy” include phenoxy, naphthyloxy (e.g.,1-naphthyloxy, 2-naphthyloxy), acenaphthylenyloxy, azulenyloxy,anthryloxy, phenanthryloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “arylthio” means a monovalent groupwherein the aforementioned “aryl” group is bonded to a sulfur atom.Examples of the “arylthio” include phenylthio, naphthylthio (e.g.,1-naphthylthio, 2-naphthylthio), acenaphthylenylthio, azulenylthio,anthrylthio, phenanthrylthio and the like.

In the present specification, the “aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl” means a monovalentgroup wherein the aforementioned “aryl” group is bonded to theaforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkyl”. Examples of the “aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl” includebenzyl, naphthylmethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 1-phenylethyl, 1-phenylpropyl andthe like.

In the present specification, the “aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy” means a monovalentgroup wherein the aforementioned “aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl” group is bonded to anoxygen atom. Examples of the “aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy” include benzyloxy,naphthylmethyloxy, 2-phenylethyloxy, 1-phenylethyloxy, 1-phenylpropyloxyand the like.

In the present specification, the “heterocyclyl group” means a 3- to14-membered (monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic) heterocyclyl groupcontaining at least one hetero atom selected from the group consistingof oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom, and aromatic heterocycleand non-aromatic heterocycle can be mentioned.

In the present specification, the “aromatic heterocyclyl group” means amonovalent 5- to 14-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocyclyl group anda fused aromatic heterocyclyl group, each containing at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atomand sulfur atom. The fused aromatic heterocyclyl group in the presentinvention is bi or tricyclic, and optionally has a hetero atom on pluralrings. As the monocyclic aromatic heterocyclyl group, a 5- or 6-memberedring group can be mentioned; and as a fused aromatic heterocyclyl group,a group wherein each ring constituting the group is a 5- or 6-memberedring can be mentioned. Examples of the “aromatic heterocyclyl group”include monocyclic aromatic heterocyclyl groups such as furyl, thienyl,pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl,triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl,pyrimidinyl and the like, fused aromatic heterocyclyl groups such asindolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl,benzimidazolyl (e.g., 5-benzimidazolyl), benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl,quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoxazinyl, benzothiazinyl, furo[2,3-b]pyridyl,thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridyl, oxazolopyridyl,thiazolopyridyl, quinolyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothiophenyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “nonaromatic heterocyclyl group” meansa monovalent 3- to 14-membered monocyclic nonaromatic heterocyclyl groupor a fused nonaromatic heterocyclyl group, each containing at least onehetero atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogenatom and sulfur atom. The fused nonaromatic heterocyclyl group in thepresent invention is bi or tricyclic and optionally has a hetero atom onboth rings. As the monocyclic nonaromatic heterocyclyl group, a 3- to9-membered ring group can be mentioned; and as a fused nonaromaticheterocyclyl group, a group wherein each ring constituting the group isa 5- or 6-membered ring can be mentioned. Examples of the “nonaromaticheterocyclyl group” include monocyclic nonaromatic heterocyclyl groupssuch as oxetanyl (e.g., 3-oxetanyl), tetrahydrofuryl (e.g.,tetrahydrofuran-3-yl), dioxolyl (e.g., 1,3-dioxol-4-yl), dioxolanyl(e.g., 1,3-dioxolan-4-yl), oxazolidinyl, imidazolinyl (e.g.,1-imidazolinyl, 2-imidazolinyl, 4-imidazolinyl), aziridinyl (e.g.,1-aziridinyl, 2-aziridinyl), azetidinyl (e.g., 1-azetidinyl,2-azetidinyl, 3-azetidinyl), pyrrolidinyl (e.g., 1-pyrrolidinyl,2-pyrrolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidinyl), piperidyl (e.g., 1-piperidyl,2-piperidyl, 3-piperidyl, 4-piperidyl), dioxanyl (e.g.,1,4-dioxan-2-yl), azepanyl (e.g., 1-azepanyl, 2-azepanyl, 3-azepanyl,4-azepanyl), azocanyl (e.g., 1-azocanyl, 2-azocanyl, 3-azocanyl,4-azocanyl), azonanyl (e.g., 1-azonanyl, 2-azonanyl, 3-azonanyl,4-azonanyl, 5-azonanyl), piperazinyl (e.g., 1,4-piperazin-1-yl,1,4-piperazin-2-yl), diazepinyl (e.g., 1,4-diazepin-1-yl,1,4-diazepin-2-yl, 1,4-diazepin-5-yl, 1,4-diazepin-6-yl), diazocanyl(e.g., 1,4-diazocan-1-yl, 1,4-diazocane-2-yl, 1,4-diazocane-5-yl,1,4-diazocane-6-yl, 1,5-diazocan-1-yl, 1,5-diazocane-2-yl,1,5-diazocane-3-yl), tetrahydropyranyl (e.g., tetrahydropyran-4-yl,tetrahydropyran-2-yl), morpholinyl (e.g., 4-morpholinyl),thiomorpholinyl (e.g., 4-thiomorpholinyl), 2-oxazolidinyl, dihydrofuryl,dihydropyranyl and the like, a fused nonaromatic heterocyclyl groupssuch as dihydroquinolyl, dihydroisoquinolyl (e.g.,3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-yl), dihydroindole (e.g.,2,3-dihydroindol-5-yl, 2,3-dihydroindo1-1-yl), dihydroisoindole (e.g.,2,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl) and the like, and the like.

In the present specification, the “heterocyclylcarbonyl” means amonovalent group wherein the aforementioned “heterocyclyl” group isbonded to a carbonyl. Preferable examples of the “heterocyclylcarbonyl”include morpholinocarbonyl, piperidinocarbonyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “heterocyclylcarbonyloxy” means amonovalent group wherein the aforementioned “heterocyclylcarbonyl” groupis bonded to an oxygen atom. Preferable examples of the“heterocyclylcarbonyloxy” include tetrahydropyran-4-ylcarbonyloxy,piperidin-4-ylcarbonyloxy, pyrrolidin-2-ylcarbonyloxy,azetidin-3-ylcarbonyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy” means amonovalent group wherein the aforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkyl” group is bondedto carbonyloxy. Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy” includeacetyloxy, propionyloxy, butyryloxy, isobutyryloxy, pentanoyloxy,isopentanoyloxy, 1-methylbutyryloxy, pivaloyloxy, hexanoyloxy,isohexanoyloxy, 3,3-dimethylbutyryloxy, 1-ethylbutyryloxy,4-methylhexanoyloxy, heptanoyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “arylcarbonyloxy” means a monovalentgroup wherein the aforementioned “aryl” group is bonded to carbonyloxy.Preferable examples of the “arylcarbonyloxy” include benzoyloxy and thelike.

In the present specification, the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy” means amonovalent group wherein the aforementioned “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl” group isbonded to carbonyloxy. Examples of the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy”include cyclopropylcarbonyloxy, cyclobutylcarbonyloxy,cyclopentylcarbonyloxy, cyclohexylcarbonyloxy, cycloheptylcarbonyloxyand the like.

In the present specification, the “C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy” means amonovalent group wherein the aforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl” groupis bonded to an oxygen atom. Examples of the “C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy”include methoxycarbonyloxy, ethoxycarbonyloxy, propoxycarbonyloxy,isopropoxycarbonyloxy, butoxycarbonyloxy, isobutoxycarbonyloxy,sec-butoxycarbonyloxy, tert-butoxycarbonyloxy, pentyloxycarbonyloxy,isopentyloxycarbonyloxy, neopentyloxycarbonyloxy,1-ethylpropyloxycarbonyloxy, hexyloxycarbonyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy”means a monovalent group wherein the aforementioned “heterocyclyl” groupis bonded to the aforementioned “C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy”. Preferableexamples of the “heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy” includedioxolan-4-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy” meansa “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy” wherein the C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl moiety isthe aforementioned “C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl” group. Examples of the “C₃₋₇cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy” include cyclopropyloxycarbonyloxy,cyclobutyloxycarbonyloxy, cyclopentyloxycarbonyloxy,cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy, cycloheptyloxycarbonyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy” means a“heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy” wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is theaforementioned “heterocyclyl” group. Preferable examples of the“heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy” include tetrahydropyran-4-yloxycarbonyloxyand the like.

In the present specification, the “heterocyclyloxy” means a monovalentgroup wherein the aforementioned “heterocyclyl” group is bonded to anoxygen atom. Preferable examples of the “heterocyclyloxy” includetetrahydropyran-2-yloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio” means a “triC₁₋₆ alkylammonio” wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl moiety is the aforementioned“C₁₋₆ alkyl” group. Preferable examples of the “tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio”include trimethylammonio, triethylammonio and the like.

Being “optionally substituted” means an embodiment of beingunsubstituted or substituted by 1-4 substituents. When di- totetra-substituted, the respective substituents may be the same ordifferent.

Being “substituted” means an embodiment of being substituted by 1-4substituents. When di- to tetra-substituted, the respective substituentsmay be the same or different.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl”means C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents selectedfrom a halogen atom, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, optionallysubstituted amino, a sulfonic acid group (sulfo group), a phosphoricacid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, a heterocyclyl group,optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy, heterocyclylcarbonyloxy,C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy, and heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy.Preferable examples of the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl” include2-aminoethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-carboxyethyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy”means C₁₋₆ alkoxy optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents selectedfrom a halogen atom, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, optionallysubstituted amino, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, aryl, C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl, and a heterocyclyl group.Preferable examples of the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy” include2-diethylaminoethoxy, 2-carboxyethoxy, 2-methanesulfamoylcarbonylethoxy,2-hydroxyethoxy, 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy,2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted amino” meansan amino optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected fromC₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₆alkyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl, and a heterocyclylgroup. Examples of the “optionally substituted amino” include amino,methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, isopropylamino, 20 butylamino,isobutylamino, sec-butylamino, tert-butylamino, cyclopropylamino,cyclobutylamino, 1-propenylamino (allylamino), phenylamino,naphthylamino (e.g., 1-naphthylamino, 2-naphthylamino), benzylamino,naphthylmethylamino, 2-phenylethylamino, pyridylamino, dimethylamino,diethylamino, N-methyl-N-ethylamino,N-methyl-N-(2-amino-3-methylbutyryl)amino and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted aryl” means anaryl optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents selected from C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl,aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino,carboxy, cyano, and nitro. Preferable examples of the “optionallysubstituted aryl” include 4-carboxyphenyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted aryloxy” meansaryloxy optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents selected from C₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from amino andcarboxy, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl,aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino,carboxy, cyano, and nitro. Preferable examples of the “optionallysubstituted aryloxy” include 4-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)phenoxy and thelike.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted heterocyclylgroup” means a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by 1-4substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, ahalogen atom, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, cyano, nitro and oxo. Preferableexamples of the “optionally substituted heterocyclyl group” include5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl,3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxytetrahydropyran-2-yl, 1,4-dioxan-2-yl,2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl, 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl, piperazin-1-yl,4-(2-propenyl)piperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, 3-pyridyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl” means a C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl optionally substituted by 1-4substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₆alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino, carboxy,cyano and nitro. Preferable examples of the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl” include carboxyacetyl and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxy” means C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy optionally substituted by1-4 substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₆alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino, carboxy,cyano and nitro. Preferable examples of the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxy” include

-   acetyloxy,-   isobutyryloxy,-   pivaloyloxy,-   hydroxyacetyloxy,-   1-ethylbutyryloxy,-   2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyloxy,-   3-hydroxypropionyloxy,-   3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropionyloxy,-   3-acetoxy-2,2-dimethylpropionyloxy,-   3-methoxy-2,2-dimethylpropionyloxy,-   2′-aminopropionyloxy-2,2-dimethylpropionyloxy,-   2,3-dihydroxypropionyloxy,-   2,6-diaminohexanoyloxy,-   2-amino-3-methylbutyryloxy,-   2-aminopropionyloxy,-   2-amino-3-hydroxypropionyloxy,-   2-amino-3-phenylpropionyloxy,-   aminoacetyloxy,-   3-aminopropionyloxy,-   3- carboxypropionyloxy,-   and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₃₋₇cycloalkylcarbonyloxy” means C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy optionallysubstituted by 1-4 substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy,C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl, aheterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, cyano andnitro. Preferable examples of the “optionally substituted C₃₋₇cycloalkylcarbonyloxy” include cyclohexylcarbonyloxy,4,4-difluorocyclohexylcarbonyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonyloxy” means C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy optionally substitutedby 1-4 substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl, aheterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, cyano andnitro. Preferable examples of the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonyloxy” include ethoxycarbonyloxy,1-ethylpropyloxycarbonyloxy, 2,3-dihydroxypropyloxycarbonyloxy and thelike.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted heterocyclylC₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy” means heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxyoptionally substituted by 1-4 substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl,C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆ alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino,carboxy, cyano and nitro. Preferable examples of the “optionallysubstituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy” include(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxycarbonyloxy and the like.

In the present specification, the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylsulfonyl” means C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonyl optionally substituted by 1-4substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, a heterocyclyl group, ahalogen atom, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, cyano and nitro. Preferableexamples of the “optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonyl” includemethanesulfonyl, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonyl, 2-aminoethanesulfonyl and thelike.

In the present specification, the “optionally substitutedheterocyclyloxy” means heterocyclyloxy optionally substituted by 1-4substituents selected from C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy,C₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, aryl, arylC₁₋₆ alkyl, a heterocyclyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxy, amino,carboxy, cyano and nitro. Preferable examples of the “optionallysubstituted heterocyclyloxy” include3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-hydroxymethyltetrahydropyran-2-yl and the like.

Compound (I) of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof is a prodrug to be converted to compound (B) by undergoingmetabolism by hydrolysis and the like under physiological conditionsafter administration into the body. Compound (I) is considered to beconverted to compound (B) by hydrolysis of ester group represented byCO₂R² by hydrolases such as esterase and the like under physiologicalconditions in vivo, followed by decarboxylation.

Therefore, the absorbability and persistence of compound (B) can becontrolled by selecting, as a group represented by R², a group which isnot easily hydrolyzed under pH environment or by a digestive enzyme inthe gastrointestinal tract and, once absorbed, rapidly hydrolyzed byhydrolases such as esterase and the like in vivo. In addition, theintestinal absorbability can be improved by controlling the properties(water-solubility, liposolubility etc.) of compound (I) by introducing afunctional group that improves water-solubility into a group representedby R², which further enables use as an injection.

From such aspects, a group for R² is

-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkyl    phosphoric acid group, a heterocyclyl group, optionally substituted    C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,    heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy and    heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy;-   (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group;-   (3) a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s)    selected from hydroxy and optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl; or-   (4) aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted by substituent(s) selected from    hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group, is preferable, and-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionally    substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy and heterocyclylcarbonyloxy;-   (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from optionally substituted amino and a heterocyclyl group; or-   (3) a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by optionally    substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, is more preferable.

In another embodiment of the group for R²,

-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group, a heterocyclyl group,    optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,    heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy and    heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy;-   (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group; or-   (3) aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted by substituent(s) selected from    hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group, is preferable, and-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,    heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy and    heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy; or-   (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted by optionally substituted    amino, is more preferable.

In still another embodiment of the group for R²,

-   (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected    from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group; or-   (2) aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted by substituent(s) selected from    hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfonic acid    group (sulfo group), a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclyl    group, is preferable, though it is not limited as long as the    above-mentioned object can be achieved.

As a group for R¹, a hydrogen atom is preferable.

The method for producing a prodrug of the present invention ispreferably applied to compound (B), and also similarly preferablyapplied to compound (B′), but is not limited to these.

When compound (IA) or compound (I) contains optical isomer,stereoisomer, regio isomer, or rotamer, these are also included incompound (IA) or compound (I).

Compound (IA) and compound (I) have a β-ketoester structure in thestructural formulas, and may be, in view of the properties thereof, anenol form tautomer represented by the following formula (I′A) or (I′).The tautomer represented by the formula (I′A) or (I′), or a salt thereofare also included in the compound of the present invention (IA) orcompound (I).

(wherein each symbol is as defined above.)

The salt of the tautomer represented by the above-mentioned formula(I′A) or (I′) is not particularly limited and, for example, alkali metalsalt; alkaline earth metal salt; salt with organic base; amino acid saltand the like can be mentioned. As the alkali metal salt, sodium salt,potassium salt, lithium salt and the like can be preferably mentioned,as the alkaline earth metal salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt and thelike can be preferably mentioned, as the salt with organic base,N-methylmorpholine salt, ethanolamine salt, piperazine salt,diethylamine salt, triethylamine salt, tributylamine salt,tert-butylamine salt, diisopropylethylamine salt, dicyclohexylaminesalt, N-methylpiperidine salt, meglumine salt, tromethamine salt,choline salt, benzathine salt, 4-phenylcyclohexylamine salt, pyridinesalt, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine salt, picoline salt and the like can bepreferably mentioned, and as the amino acid salt, glycine salt, lysinesalt, arginine salt, ornithine salt, glutamic acid salt, aspartic acidsalt and the like can be preferably mentioned.

Compound (IA) and compound (I) of the present invention can be convertedto pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof according to a method knownper se. When the compound (I) of the present invention has an acidicgroup or basic group, it is reacted with a base or acid to give a basicsalt or acidic salt.

A pharmaceutically acceptable “basic salt” of compound (IA) or compound(I) of the present invention is preferably an alkali metal salt such assodium salt, potassium salt, and lithium salt; alkaline earth metal saltsuch as magnesium salt, and calcium salt; a salt with organic base suchas N-methylmorpholine salt, ethanolamine salt, piperazine salt,diethylamine salt, triethylamine salt, tributylamine salt,tert-butylamine salt, diisopropylethylamine salt, dicyclohexylaminesalt, N-methylpiperidine salt, meglumine salt, tromethamine salt,choline salt, benzathine salt, 4-phenylcyclohexylamine salt, pyridinesalt, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine salt, and picoline salt or an amino acidsalt such as glycine salt, lysine salt, arginine salt, ornithine salt,glutamic acid salt, and aspartic acid salt, preferably an alkali metalsalt.

A pharmaceutically acceptable “acidic salt” of compound (IA) or compound(I) of the present invention is preferably inorganic acid salt such ashydrohalide (e.g., hydrofluoride, hydrochloride, hydrobromide,hydroiodide), nitrate, perchlorate, sulfate, phosphate and the like;organic acid salt such as lower alkanesulfonate (e.g., methanesulfonate,trifluoromethanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate), arylsulfonate (e.g.,benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate), acetate, trifluoroacetate,malate, fumarate, succinate, citrate, ascorbate, tartrate, oxalate,maleate and the like; or amino acid salt such as glycine salt, lysinesalt, arginine salt, ornithine salt, glutamic acid salt, aspartic acidsalt, most preferably hydrohalide (particularly, hydrochloride).

A pharmaceutical composition containing compound (IA) or compound (I) ofthe present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof anda pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and the like can be administeredto mammals (e.g., mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog, bovine, sheep,monkey, human etc.). Examples of the carrier include excipient (e.g.,starch, lactose, sugar, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate etc.),binder (e.g., starch, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose,hydroxypropylcellulose, crystalline cellulose etc.), lubricant (e.g.,magnesium stearate, talc etc.), disintegrant (e.g.,carboxymethylcellulose, talc etc.) and the like.

After mixing the above-mentioned various components, the mixture can beformulated as preparations for oral administration such as capsule,tablet, fine granule, granule, dry syrup and the like, or for parenteraladministration such as injection, suppository and the like by a meansknown per se.

While the content of compound (IA) or compound (I), or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the pharmaceuticalcomposition of the present invention varies depending on the form of thepreparation, it is generally about 0.01-100 wt %, preferably about0.1-50 wt %, further preferably about 0.5-20 wt %, relative to the wholepreparation.

(Production Method)

The compound (IA) or compound (I) of the present invention can beproduced utilizing the characteristics based on the kind of the basicskeleton or substituent, and applying various known production methods.Examples of the known method include the methods described in “ORGANICFUNCTIONAL GROUP 25 PREPARATIONS”, 2nd edition, ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.,1989, “Comprehensive Organic Transformations”, VCH Publishers Inc.,1989, and the like.

In this case, depending on the kind of the functional group, it issometimes effective for the production techniques to protect thefunctional group with a suitable protecting group at the stage of astarting material or intermediate, or replace same with a group easilyconvertible to the functional group.

Examples of such functional group include amino group, hydroxy group,carboxyl group and the like and examples of the protecting group thereofinclude the protecting groups described in T. W. Greene and P. G. Wuts,“Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3rd ed., 1999)”, from which anappropriate one can be selected and used according to the reactionconditions thereof. According to such method, a desired compound can beobtained by introducing the substituent, performing the reaction, andremoving the protecting group as necessary, or converting to a desiredgroup.

The production method of the compound of the present invention isdescribed below. However, the production method is not at all limited bythe following methods.

(Production Method 1)

In production method 1, a compound represented by the formula (Ia)(compound (Ia)) is produced by subjecting a compound represented by theformula (1) (compound (1)) to a method known per se to give a compoundrepresented by the formula (2) (compound (2)) as an acid halide, andreacting the obtained compound (2) with a compound represented by theformula (3) (compound (3)).

Compound (1) to be used in this production method can be producedaccording to a method known per se (e.g., the methods described inpatent documents 1-5, the method described in J. Med. Chem., 2012, 55,7273-7284 etc.).

[wherein n, R¹ and R² are as defined above, and X is a halogen atom(fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom).]

In production method 1, the reaction of compound (2) and compound (3) isperformed in the presence of a base such as magnesium chloride,triethylamine and the like, in an inert solvent. Compound (3) may beused not only in the form of a free acid but also as a salt such aspotassium salt, sodium salt, lithium salt and the like.

The inert solvent to be used includes, for example, alcohols such asmethanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol and butanol; aromatichydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such asdiethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and1,2-dimethoxyethane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidinone andhexamethylphosphoric triamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such asmethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane,chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene,trichloromethylbenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; acetonitrile; and amixture of these and the like.

While the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, reactiontime and the like vary depending on the reaction reagent, reactionsolvent and the like to be used, they are generally −20 to 100° C. for30 min to 20 hr.

The amount of compound (3) to be used is not particularly limited, andis generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (2), andthe amounts of magnesium chloride and the base to be used are eachgenerally 2-5 mol, preferably 2-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (2).Compound (3) to be used in this production method can be producedaccording to a method known per se.

(Production Method 2)

In production method 2, compound (Ia) is produced by reacting a compoundrepresented by the formula (4) (compound (4)) and a compound representedby the formula (5) (compound (5)).

Compound (4) to be used in this production method can be producedaccording to a method known per se (e.g., the methods described inpatent documents 1-5 etc.).

[wherein n, R¹ and R² are as defined above.]

In production method 2, the reaction of compound (4) and compound (5) isperformed in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride and the likein an inert solvent.

The inert solvent to be used includes, for example, alcohols such asmethanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol and butanol; aromatichydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such asdiethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and1,2-dimethoxyethane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidinone andhexamethylphosphoric triamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such asmethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane,chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene,trichloromethylbenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; acetonitrile; and amixture of these and the like.

While the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, reactiontime and the like vary depending on the reaction reagent, reactionsolvent and the like to be used, they are generally -20 to 100° C. for30 min to 20 hr.

The amount of compound (5) to be used is not particularly limited, andis generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (4), andthe amount of the base such as sodium hydride and the like to be used isgenerally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (4).Compound (5) to be used in this production method can be producedaccording to a method known per se.

(Production Method 3)

In production method 3, compound (Ia) is produced by reacting a compoundrepresented by the formula (6) (compound (6)) and a compound representedby the formula (7) (compound (7)).

Compound (6) to be used in this production method can be producedaccording to a method known per se (e.g., the methods described inpatent documents 1-5, the method described in J. Med. Chem., 2012, 55,7273-7284 etc.).

[wherein n, R¹ and R² are as defined above.]

In production method 3, the reaction of compound (6) and compound (7) isperformed in the presence of Lewis acid and Meerwein reagent such astrimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate or triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborateand the like in an inert solvent.

The inert solvent to be used includes, for example, alcohols such asmethanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol and butanol; aromatichydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such asdiethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and1,2-dimethoxyethane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidinone andhexamethylphosphoric triamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such asmethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane,chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene,trichloromethylbenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; acetonitrile; and amixture of these and the like.

While the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, reactiontime and the like vary depending on the reaction reagent, reactionsolvent and the like to be used, they are generally −20 to 100° C. for30 min to 20 hr.

The amount of compound (7) to be used is not particularly limited, andis generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (6), andthe amount of each of the Lewis acid and Meerwein reagent to be used isgenerally 0.05-2 mol, preferably 0.05-1 mol, per 1 mol of compound (6).Compound (7) to be used in this production method can be producedaccording to a method known per se.

(Production Method 4)

In production method 4, compound (Ia) is produced by reacting compound(2) and a compound represented by the formula (8) (compound (8)).

[wherein n, R¹, R² and X are as defined above.]

In production method 4, the reaction of compound (2) and compound (8) isperformed in the presence of an organolithium compound such asn-butyllithium and the like, and an organic base such asdiisopropylamine and the like in an inert solvent.

The inert solvent to be used includes, for example, alcohols such asmethanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol and butanol; aromatichydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such asdiethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and1,2-dimethoxyethane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidinone andhexamethylphosphoric triamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such asmethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane,chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene,trichloromethylbenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; acetonitrile; and amixture of these and the like.

While the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, reactiontime and the like vary depending on the reaction reagent, reactionsolvent and the like to be used, they are generally −80 to 20° C. for 30min to 20 hr.

The amount of compound (8) to be used is not particularly limited, andis generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (2), theamount of the organolithium compound to be used is generally 1-3 mol,preferably 1-2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (2), and the amount of theorganic base to be used is generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1mol of compound (2). Compound (8) to be used in this production methodcan be produced according to a method known per se.

(Production Method 5)

In production method 5, compound (Ia) of the present invention isproduced by removing the protecting group of compound (Ic) having theprotecting group, which can be produced according to production method 1to production method 4.

[wherein n, R¹ and R² are as defined above, and PG is a protecting groupof R².]

In compound (Ic), R² is protected by a protecting group. In this step,the protecting group is removed. The deprotection method of eachprotecting group can be performed according to the method described in,for example, T. W. Greene and P. G. Wuts, “Protective Groups in OrganicSynthesis (3rd ed., 1999)”.

(Production Method 6)

In production method 6, compound (Ia) is produced by reacting compound(2) and compound (9) to give a compound represented by the formula (10)(compound (10)), and reacting compound (10) and a compound representedby the formula (11) (compound (11)).

[wherein n, R¹, R² and X are as defined above.]

In production method 6, the reaction of compound (2) and compound (9) isperformed in the presence of a base such as N,N-dimethylaminopyridineand the like in an inert solvent.

The inert solvent to be used includes, for example, alcohols such asmethanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol and butanol; aromatichydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such asdiethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and1,2-dimethoxyethane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidinone andhexamethylphosphoric triamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such asmethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane,chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene,trichloromethylbenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; acetonitrile; and amixture of these and the like.

While the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, reactiontime and the like vary depending on the reaction reagent, reactionsolvent and the like to be used, they are generally −20 to 100° C. for30 min to 20 hr.

The amount of compound (9) to be used is not particularly limited, andis generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (2), andthe amount of the base to be used is generally 1-5 mol, preferably 2-3mol, per 1 mol of compound (2).

In production method 6, the reaction of compound (10) and compound (11)is performed in an inert solvent.

The inert solvent to be used includes, for example, alcohols such asmethanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol and butanol; aromatichydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such asdiethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and1,2-dimethoxyethane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidinone andhexamethylphosphoric triamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such asmethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane,chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene,trichloromethylbenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; acetonitrile; and amixture of these and the like.

While the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, reactiontime and the like vary depending on the reaction reagent, reactionsolvent and the like to be used, they are generally 0 to 150° C. for 10min to 20 hr.

The amount of compound (11) to be used is not particularly limited, andis generally 1-5 mol, preferably 1-3 mol, per 1 mol of compound (10).

Compound (IA) of the present invention can also be produced from astarting compound having R³, by a method similar to the above-mentionedproduction methods 1-6.

The compound (IA) or compound (I) of the present invention producedabove can be isolated and purified by a known method, for example,extraction, precipitation, distillation, chromatography, fractionalrecrystallization, recrystallization and the like.

When the compound (IA) or compound (I) of the present invention or anintermediate in the production thereof has an asymmetric carbon, opticalisomers are present. These optical isomers can be each isolated andpurified by a conventional method such as fractional recrystallization(salt resolution) for recrystallization with an appropriate salt, columnchromatography and the like. The above-mentioned isomers can also beproduced by asymmetric synthesis. As a reference document of a method ofresolving an optical isomer of the above-mentioned isomer from aracemate, J. Jacques et al, “Enantiomers, Racemates and Resolution, JohnWiley And Sons, Inc.” can be mentioned.

While the dose of compound (IA) or compound (I), or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof of the present invention varies depending on thesubject of administration, symptoms, and other factors, a single dose ofabout 1-500 mg is given about 1-3 times per day for oral administrationto an adult, for example, a cancer patient.

Compound (IA) or compound (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof of the present invention are prodrug compounds having highsolubility and high oral absorbability, which are converted, afteradministration, to compound (B′) or compound (B) having a particularlysuperior anticancer action on cancer cells and capable of inducingapoptosis of cancer stem cells, and show superior persistence. They areuseful as anticancer agents, or agents for the prophylaxis or treatmentof cancer metastasis and/or cancer recurrence.

While the kind of cancer to be the prophylaxis or treatment target isnot particularly limited, they are useful for the prophylaxis ortreatment of, for example, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, lungcancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, colonrectal cancer, prostatecancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, pituitary cancer,gallbladder cancer, thyroid cancer, salivary gland cancer, urinarybladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, hepatoma, cervicalcancer, endometrial carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma,medulloblastoma, sarcoma, brain tumor, gastric cancer, multiple myeloma,leukemia, lymphoma and the like, and have a particularly superiorapoptosis inducing action on the cancer stem cells of these.

Compound (IA) or compound (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof of the present invention can be used in combination with othermedicaments, for example, existing anticancer agents, as long as theefficacy thereof is not impaired. In this case, the administrationperiod is not limited, and these can be administered simultaneously, ormay be administered at different times, to the subject ofadministration. As the dose, a clinically-used dose can be appropriatelyselected as the standard. The mixing ratio of compound (IA) or compound(I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the presentinvention or the like and a concomitant drug can be appropriatelyselected according to the subject of administration, administrationroute, target disease, symptom, combination and the like.

Examples of the existing anticancer agent include chemotherapeuticagent, hormonal therapeutic agent, immunotherapeutic agent, moleculartargeted drug and the like.

As the “chemotherapeutic agent”, alkylating agent, metabolic antagonist,antitumor antibiotic, plant-derived antitumor drug and the like areused.

As the “alkylating agent”, nitrogen mustard, nitrogen mustard-N-oxidehydrochloride, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, thiotepa,carboquone, improsulfan tosylate, busulfan, nimustine hydrochloride,mitobronitol, melphalan, dacarbazine, ranimustine, estramustinephosphate sodium, triethylenemelamine, carmustine, lomustine,streptozocin, pipobroman, etoglucid, carboplatin, cisplatin, miboplatin,nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, altretamine, ambamustine, dibrospidiumhydrochloride, fotemustine, prednimustine, pumitepa, ribomustin,temozolomide, treosulphan, trofosfamide, zinostatin stimalamer,adozelesin, cystemustine, bizelesin, and DDS preparations thereof andthe like are used.

As the “metabolic antagonist”, mercaptopurine, 6-mercaptopurineriboside, thioinosine, methotrexate, pemetrexed, enocitabine,cytarabine, cytarabine ocfosfate, ancitabine hydrochloride, 5-FU drug(e.g., fluorouracil, tegafur, UFT, doxifluridine, carmofur,gallocitabine, emitefur, capecitabine), aminopterin, nelzarabine,leucovorin calcium, tabloid, butocine, folinate calcium, levofolinatecalcium, cladribine, emitefur, fludarabine, gemcitabine,hydroxycarbamide, pentostatin, piritrexim, idoxuridine, mitoguazone,tiazofurine, ambamustine, bendamustine, and DDS preparations thereof andthe like are used.

As the “antitumor antibiotic”, actinomycin D, actinomycin C, mitomycinC, chromomycin A3, bleomycin hydrochloride, bleomycin sulfate,peplomycin sulfate, daunorubicin hydrochloride, doxorubicinhydrochloride, aclarubicin hydrochloride, pirarubicin hydrochloride,epirubicin hydrochloride, neocarzinostatin, mithramycin, sarcomycin,carzinophilin, mitotane, zorubicin hydrochloride, mitoxantronehydrochloride, idarubicin hydrochloride, and DDS preparations thereofand the like are used.

As the “plant-derived antitumor drug”, etoposide, etoposide phosphate,vinblastine sulfate, vincristine sulfate, vindesine sulfate, teniposide,paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, and DDS preparations thereof and thelike are used.

As the “hormonal therapeutic agent”, fosfestrol, diethylstilbestrol,chlorotrianisene, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate,chlormadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, danazol, allylestrenol,gestrinone, mepartricin, raloxifene, ormeloxifene, levormeloxifene,anti-estrogen (e.g., tamoxifen citrate, toremifene citrate), pillpreparation, mepitiostane, testololactone, aminoglutethimide, LH-RHagonist (e.g., goserelin acetate, buserelin, leuprorelin), droloxifene,epitiostanol, ethinylestradiol sulfonate, aromatase inhibitor (e.g.,fadrozole hydrochloride, anastrozole, letrozole, exemestane, vorozole,formestane), anti-androgen (e.g., flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide),5α-reductase inhibitor (e.g., finasteride, epiristeride),adrenocorticohormone drug (e.g., dexamethasone, prednisolone,betamethasone, triamcinolone), androgen synthesis inhibitor (e.g.,abiraterone), retinoid and drugs that retard retinoid metabolism (e.g.,liarozole) and the like are used.

As the “immunotherapeutic agent”, biological response modifier (e.g.,picibanil, krestin, schizophyllan, lentinan, ubenimex, interferon,interleukin, macrophagecolony stimulating factor, granulocyte colonystimulating factor, erythropoietin, lymphotoxin, BCG vaccine,corynebacterium parvum, levamisole, polysaccharide K, procodazole,anti-CTLA4 antibody) and the like are used.

As the “molecular targeted drug”, tositumomab, ibritumomab, alemtuzumab,axitinib, bevacizumab, afatinib, bortezomib, bosutinib, carfilzomib,cetuximab, dasatinib, denosumab, edrecolomab, erlotinib, everolimus,vismodegib, gefitinib, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, imatinib, ipilimumab,lapatinib, lenalidomide, nilotinib, nimotuzumab, olaparib, panitumumab,pazopanib, pertuzumab, rituximab, siltuximab, sorafenib, sunitinib,tamibarotene, temsirolimus, thalidomide, trastuzumab, tretinoin,vandetanib, vorinostat, cabozantinib, trametinib, dabrafenib, alectinib,ceritinib, ibrutinib, palbociclib, regorafenib and the like are used.

EXAMPLES

The present invention is explained in detail in the following byreferring to Examples, which are not to be construed as limitative.

Example 1 Isobutyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate (1a)4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-carbonyl Chloride

4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-carboxylic acid (150 mg,0.62 mmol) synthesized by the method described in J. Med. Chem., 2012,55, 7273-7284 was suspended in methylene chloride (6 mL), oxalylchloride (0.06 mL, 0.70 mmol), and then one drop ofN,N-dimethylformamide were added thereto at room temperature, and themixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The solvent in thereaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure to give4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-carbonyl chloride as ayellow powder (160 mg, yield 99%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ:7.69 (1H, s),7.87-7.96 (2H, m),8.09-8.18 (2H,m).

(1b) Isobutyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

Monoisobutyl malonate (200 mg, 1.25 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile(3 mL), triethylamine (0.28 mL, 2.0 mmol) and then magnesium chloride(150 mg, 1.6 mmol) were added thereto under ice-cooling, and the mixturewas stirred under a nitrogen stream at room temperature for 1.5 hr. Tothe obtained solution were added, under ice-cooling, a solution of thecompound (165 mg, 0.633 mmol) of Example 1(1a) in methylene chloride(4.5 mL)-acetonitrile (1.5 mL), and then triethylamine (0.19 mL, 1.4mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 2 hr. To the reactionmixture were added ethyl acetate and water, and the mixture wasacidified with 6M hydrochloric acid. After separation into two layers,the ethyl acetate layer was washed with saturated brine, and dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reducedpressure, and the obtained powder was purified by silica gel columnchromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate, 10:1→7:1, V/V), and the solventin the object fraction was evaporated under reduced pressure. To theobtained residue was added n-hexane, and the mixture was collected byfiltration to give isobutyl3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate as ayellow powder (147 mg, yield 70%).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:0.86 (5.4H, d, J=6.7 Hz), 0.93 (0.6H, d,J=6.7 Hz), 1.81-1.92 (0.9H, m), 1.92-2.03 (0.1H, m), 3.89 (1.8H, d,J=6.7 Hz), 4.00 (0.2H, d, J=6.7 Hz), 4.23 (1.8H, s), 6.02 (0.1H, s),7.72 (0.1H, s), 7.85-7.96 (2H, m),8.08-8.18 (2H, m), 8.16 (0.9H, s).

MS (ESI) m/z: 363 (M+Na)⁺.

According to Example 1, the compounds of Examples 2-5 were synthesized.

Example 2 Ethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.20 (2.7H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 1.28 (0.3H, t,J=7.1 Hz), 4.14 (1.8H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 4.20 (1.8H, s), 4.25 (0.2H, q,J=7.1 Hz), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m),8.09-8.19(2H, m), 8.15 (0.9H, s), 11.90-12.10 (0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 335 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 3 Phenyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:4.50 (1.8H, s), 6.22 (0.1H, s), 6.70-6.77(0.2H, m), 7.13-7.20 (1.8H, m), 7.21-7.33 (1.2H, m), 7.39-7.47 (1.8H,m), 7.81 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.19 (2H, m), 8.23 (0.9H,s), 11.05-11.90 (0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 383 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 4

Benzyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:4.29 (1.8H, s), 5.18 (1.8H, s), 5.28 (0.2H,s), 6.07 (0.1H, s), 7.26-7.46 (5H, m), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H,m), 8.10-8.20 (2H, m), 8.15 (0.9H, s), 11.82-11.94 (0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 397 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 5 2-Hydroxyethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.52-3.70 (2H, m), 4.00-4.15 (2H, m), 4.22(1.8H, s), 4.81 (1H, t, J=5.4 Hz), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s),7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.10-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.83-12.02 (0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 351 [M+Na]⁺

Example 6 4-Piperidyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionateHydrochloride (6a) tert-Butyl4-[3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionyloxy]piperidine-1-carboxylate

According to Example 1, tert-butyl4-[3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionyloxy]piperidine-1-carboxylatewas synthesized.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₅, 400 MHz) δ:1.36 (8.1H, s), 1.40 (0.9H, s), 1.43-1.54(2H, m), 1.72-1.83 (2H, m), 3.14-3.24 (2H, m), 3.43-3.53 (2H, m), 4.20(1.8H, s), 4.88-4.97 (0.9H, m), 5.06-5.16 (0.1H, m), 6.01 (0.1H, s),7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2H, m), 8.14 (0.9H, s).

(6b) 4-Piperidyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionateHydrochloride

The compound of Example 6(6a) (302 mg, 0.643 mmol) was suspended informic acid (3 mL), 8.3 M hydrogen chloride isopropanol solution (0.31mL, 2.6 mmol) was added thereto at 0° C., and the mixture was stirred atthe same temperature for 10 min. Ethyl acetate (15 mL) was added and themixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hr. The precipitatewas collected by filtration, and washed with ethanol (3 mL) to give4-piperidyl3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionatehydrochloride as a yellow powder (188 mg, 25 yield 72%).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.72-1.87 (2H, m), 1.94-2.09 (2H, m),3.01-3.15 (4H, m), 4.25 (1.8H, s), 4.95-5.06 (0.9H, m), 5.06-5.16 (0.1H,m), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.72 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.10-8.20 (2H,m), 8.17 (0.9H, s), 8.60-8.98 (2.1H, 30 br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 368 (M+H)⁺.

Example 7 2-Carboxyethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate (7a)2-Benzyloxycarbonylethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

According to Example 1, 2-benzyloxycarbonylethyl3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate wassynthesized.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ:2.73 (0.3H, t, J=6.1 Hz), 2.78 (1.7H, t, J=6.1Hz), 3.98 (0.3H, s), 4.48 (0.3H, t, J=6.1 Hz), 4.53 (1.7H, t, J=6.1 Hz),5.13 (0.3H, s), 5.18 (1.7H, s), 5.95 (0.85H, s), 7.25 (0.85H, s),7.30-7.44 (5H, m), 7.65 (0.15H, s), 7.73-7.84 (2H, m), 8.16-8.29 (2H,m), 11.87 (0.85H, s).

(7b) 2-Carboxyethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

The compound of Example 7(7a) (462 mg, 0.914 mmol) was dissolved in amixed solution of methanol (40 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (16 mL), 10% Pd—C(64 mg) was added thereto and the mixture was subjected to catalytichydrogenation at 0.2 MPa at room temperature for 20 min. Pd—C wasfiltered off, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. Theobtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography(chloroform:methanol, 100:1, V/V) and the solvent in the object fractionwas evaporated under reduced pressure. Ethyl acetate (8 mL) was added tothe obtained powder, and the powder was collected by filtration to give2-carboxyethyl3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate as ayellow powder (220 mg, yield 68%).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:2.57 (1.8H, t, J=6.1 Hz), 2.67 (0.2H, t,J=6.1 Hz), 4.20 (1.8H, s), 4.27 (1.8H, t, J=6.1 Hz), 4.37 (0.2H, t,J=6.1 Hz), 5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.09-8.19(2H, m), 8.13 (0.9H, s), 12.20-12.50 (1.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 379 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 8 2-Pyridylmethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

According to Example 1, the title compound was synthesized.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:4.35 (1.8H, s), 5.25 (1.8H, s), 5.35 (0.2H,s), 6.11 (0.1H, s), 7.30-7.39 (1H, m), 7.41-7.46 (0.9H, m), 7.46-7.51(0.1H, m), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.78-7.88 (1H, m), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m),8.10-8.18 (2H, m), 8.19 (0.9H, s), 8.51-8.56 (0.9H, m), 8.56-8.59 (0.1H,m).

MS (ESI) m/z: 398 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 9 4-Tetrahydropyranyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

According to Example 1, the title compound was synthesized.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.48-1.60 (1.8H, m), 1.60-1.68 (0.2H, m),1.80-1.89((1.8H, m), 1.89-1.98 (0.2H, m), 3.41-3.50 (2H, m), 3.68-3.79(1.8H, m), 3.80-3.88 (0.2H, m), 4.21 (1.8H, s), 4.89-5.00 (0.9H, m),5.01-5.11 (0.1H, m), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m),8.10-8.19 (2H, m), 8.15 (0.9H, s), 11.70-12.10 (0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 391 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 10 tert-Butyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

According to Example 1, the title compound was synthesized.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.41 (5.4H, s), 1.52 (3.6H, s), 4.07 (1.2H,s), 5.91 (0.4H, s), 7.71 (0.4H, s), 7.86-7.97 (2H, 5 m), 8.07-8.19 (2H,m), 8.10 (0.6H, s), 12.09 (0.4H, s).

MS (ESI) m/z: 363 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 11 2,2-Dimethyl[1,3]dioxolan-4-ylmethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate(11a)2-(2,2-Dimethyl-4,6-dioxo-[1,3]dioxane-5-carbonyl)naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione

Meldrum's acid (2.00 g, 13.9 mmol) was dissolved in methylene chloride(60 mL), N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (3.00 g, 24.6 mmol) was added theretoand the mixture was cooled to −10° C. A solution of the compound ofExample 1(1a) (3.23 g, 12.4 mmol) in methylene chloride (120 mL) wasadded dropwise at not more than −5° C. over 30 min, and the mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 1.5 hr. The solvent was evaporated underreduced pressure, ethyl acetate was added to the obtained residue andthe residue was collected by filtration. To the obtained powder wasadded chloroform (500 mL), and the mixture was washed successively with1.5 M hydrochloric acid (150 mL), water (150 mL) and saturated brine(200 mL), and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent wasevaporated under reduced pressure. To the obtained residue was addeddiethyl ether and the residue was collected by filtration to give ayellow powder (3.93 g). The obtained powder (400 mg) was suspended inethyl acetate (10 mL), and the suspension was heated to about 70° C. andstirred at room temperature for 30 min. The insoluble material wascollected by filtration to give2-(2,2-dimethyl-4,6-dioxo-[1,3]dioxane-5-carbonyl)naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dioneas a yellow powder (350 mg).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.61 (6H, s), 7.01 (1H, s), 7.83-7.93 (2H,m), 8.04-8.16 (2H, m).

(11b) 2,2-Dimethyl[1,3]dioxolan-4-ylmethyl3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate

The compound of Example 11(11a) (800 mg, 2.17 mmol) and2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol (1.43 g, 10.8 mmol) were suspendedin tetrahydrofuran (25 mL), and the suspension was stirred at 60° C. for2 hr. The suspension was allowed to cool, water was added to thereaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted twice with methylenechloride. The organic layers were combined, washed with saturated brine,and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporatedunder reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by columnchromatography (ethyl acetate:chloroform, 0:10→10:90, V/V). The solventin the object fraction was evaporated under reduced pressure to give ayellow powder (567 mg). To the obtained powder was added t-butyl methylether (10 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15min. The insoluble material was collected by filtration. To the obtainedpowder was added t-butyl methyl ether (6 mL) again, and the insolublematerial was collected by filtration to give2,2-dimethyl[1,3]dioxolan-4-ylmethyl 3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionate as ayellow powder (438 mg, yield 51%).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.22-1.28 (6H, m), 3.63-3.80 (1H, m),3.95-4.04 (1H, m), 4.05-4.13 (1H, m), 4.15-4.30 (3.8H, m), 6.02 (0.1H,s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.95 (2H, m), 8.08-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.70-11.90(0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 421 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 123-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionyloxymethyl2,2-Dimethylpropionate (12a)Mono(2,2-dimethylpropionyloxymethyl)malonate

Monobenzyl malonate (2.00 g, 10.3 mmol), chloromethyl pivalate (1.55 g,10.3 mmol), sodium iodide (1.54 g, 10.3 mmol) and potassium carbonate(1.71 g, 12.4 mmol) were suspended in N,N-dimethylformamide (20 mL), andthe suspension was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hr. Water wasadded to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted twice withethyl acetate. The organic layers were combined and washed twice withwater and once with saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and theobtained residue was purified by column chromatography (n-hexane:ethylacetate, 9:1→7:3, V/V). The solvent in the object fraction wasevaporated under reduced pressure to give benzyl2,2-dimethylpropionyloxymethyl malonate as a colorless oil (1.05 g,yield 33%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ:1.16-1.21 (9H, m), 3.47 (2H, s), 5.12-5.18(2H, m), 5.70-5.82 (2H, m), 7.28-7.40 (5H, m).

10% Pd—C (105 mg) was wetted with toluene (0.2 mL), a solution of benzyl2,2-dimethylpropionyloxymethyl malonate (1.05 g, 3.41 mmol) in methanol(30 mL) was added, and the mixture was subjected to catalytichydrogenation at 0.3 MPa at room temperature for 30 min. The insolublematerial in the reaction mixture was filtered off through celite, thesolvent in the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure and theresidue was dissolved in ethyl acetate. The solvent was evaporated underreduced pressure to give mono(2,2-dimethylpropionyloxymethyl) malonateas a pale black oil (709 mg, yield 95%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ:1.18-1.23 (9H, m), 3.48 (2H, s), 5.75-5.83(2H, m).

(12b)3-(4,9-Dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionyloxymethyl2,2-Dimethylpropionate

The compound of Example 12(12a) (709 mg, 3.25 mmol) was dissolved inacetonitrile (8.5 mL), triethylamine (0.78 mL, 5.6 mmol) and thenmagnesium chloride (407 mg, 4.27 mmol) were added thereto underice-cooling, and the mixture was stirred under a nitrogen stream at roomtemperature for 2.5 hr. To the obtained solution were added a solutionof the compound of Example 1(1a) (446 mg, 1.71 mmol) in methylenechloride (17 mL) and then triethylamine (0.52 mL, 3.7 mmol) underice-cooling, and the mixture was stirred at 60⁰0 for 30 min. Underice-cooling, water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixturewas acidified with 6 M hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reducedpressure. The obtained powder was purified by silica gel columnchromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate, 6:4→ethyl acetate:chloroform,25:75, V/V), and the solvent in the object fraction was evaporated underreduced pressure. To the obtained residue was added t-butylmethylether,and the residue was collected by filtration to give3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-oxo-propionyloxymethyl2,2-dimethylpropionate as a yellow powder (358 mg, yield 53%).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:1.12-1.18 (9H, m), 4.31 (1.8H, s), 5.75(1.8H, m), 5.85 (0.2H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96(2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.52-11.77 (0.1H, br).

MS (ESI) m/z: 421 (M+Na)⁺.

Example 13 2-Hydroxyethyl3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-acrylateEthanolamine Salt

The compound of Example 5 (1.00 g, 3.05 mmol) was suspended in ethylacetate (150 mL), ethanolamine (1.84 mL, 30.5 mmol) was added theretoand the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 40 min. Theinsoluble material was collected by filtration, and washed successivelywith ethyl acetate and ethanol to give 2-hydroxyethyl3-(4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-acrylateethanolamine salt as a red powder (1.13 g, yield 95%).

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ:2.82 (2H, t, J=5.5 Hz), 3.51-3.59 (4H, m),3.86-3.96 (2H, m), 4.05-4.30 (1H, br), 5.11 (1H, s), 7.05 (1H, s),7.80-7.98 (2H, m), 8.03-8.18 (2H, m).

MS (ESI) m/z: 351 (M+Na)⁺.

Examples 14-154 shown in the following Table 1-1-Table 1-23 weresynthesized according to Examples 1, 6, 7, 11, 12 and 13.

TABLE 1-1 Ex. No. structure data Ex. 14

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.60- 3.75 (2H, m), 4.20-4.38 (3.8H, m),4.47 (1.8H, s), 4.54 (0.2H, s), 5.99-6.04 (0.1H, m), 7.18-7.36 (5H, m),7.74-7.78 (0.1H, m), 7.89-7.96 (2H, m), 8.11-8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.87-11.92 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 441 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 15

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.23- 3.36 (2H, m), 3.59-3.77 (1H, m),3.95-4.27 (3.8H, m), 4.43-5.26 (2H, br), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s),7.87-7.98 (2H, m), 8.08-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.83-11.97 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 381[M + Na]⁺ Ex. 16

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.28- 3.40 (2H, m), 3.60-3.77 (1H, m),3.95-4.02 (1H, m), 4.10-4.15 (1H, m), 4.21 (1.8H, s), 4.63 (1H, t, J =5.6 Hz), 4.90 (1H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s),7.87-7.98 (2H, m), 8.09-8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.80-11.92 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 381 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 17

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.28- 3.40 (2H, m), 3.60-3.77 (1H, m),3.95-4.02 (1H, m), 4.10-4.15 (1H, m), 4.21 (1.8H, s), 4.62 (1H, t, J =5.6 Hz), 4.90 (1H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s),7.87-7.98 (2H, m), 8.09-8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.80-12.00 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 381 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 18

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.53 (3H, m), 3.64-3.85 (1H, m), 4.03- 4.16(2H, m), 4.20 (1.8H, s), 4.40- 4.73 (3H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.72 (0.1H,s), 7.86-7.98 (2H, m), 8.09- 8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.70-12.03 (0.1H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 411 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 19

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.77- 1.88 (1H, m), 3.32-3.56 (4H, m), 4.11(2H, d, J = 5.9 Hz), 4.20 (1.8H, s), 4.36-4.67 (2H, br), 5.98 (0.1H, s),7.70 (0.1H, s), 7.86-7.97 (2H, m), 8.07-8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.78-12.00(0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 395 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 20

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.31- 3.48 (6H, m), 4.02 (1.8H, s),4.13-4.20 (2H, m), 4.27-4.63 (3H, m), 5.94 (0.1H, s), 7.67 (0.1H, s),7.87-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.60-12.07 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 401 [M − H]⁻ Ex. 21

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.49- 3.64 (4H, m), 4.18-4.33 (3.8H, s),5.36-5.54 (2H, br), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.63 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m),8.00-8.23 (5.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 388 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 22

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.38- 3.54 (1H, m), 3.64-3.78 (1H, m),3.78-3.90 (1H, m), 3.92-4.02 (1H, m), 4.16-4.40 (2.8H, m), 5.10-5.25(2H, m), 6.04 (0.1H, s), 7.72 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.17(2.9H, m), 11.40- 12.20 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 393 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 23

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.16 (2.7H, s), 2.21 (0.3H, s), 4.28 (1.8H,s), 5.06 (1.8H, s), 5.14 (0.2H, s), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s),7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.16 (2.9H, m), 11.60- 11.75 (0.1H, s). MS (ESI)m/z: 419 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 24

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.40- 4.49 (7.8H, m), 5.07-5.19 (0.8H, m),5.98-6.03 (0.2H, m), 7.67-7.72 (0.2H, m), 7.93-7.99 (2H, m), 8.12-8.25(2.8H, m), 12.08 (0.2H, s). MS (ESI) m/z: 469 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 25

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.38- 3.50 (2H, m), 3.59-3.77 (6H, m), 4.17(0.4H, s), 4.82 (0.4H, s), 4.88 (1.6H, s), 6.13 (0.8H, s), 7.43 (0.8H,s), 7.73 (0.2H, s), 7.75-7.84 (2H, m), 8.16-8.27 (2H, m), 11.74-11.86(0.8H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 434 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 26

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.38- 1.64 (6H, m), 3.27-3.40 (4H, m), 4.29(1.7H, s), 4.86 (1.7H, s), 4.97 (0.3H, s), 6.06 (0.15H, s), 7.76 (0.15H,s), 7.88- 7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.22 (2.85H, m), 11.73-11.84 (0.15H, br).MS (ESI) m/z: 432 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 27

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.70-3.84 (2H, m), 3.89-4.20 (1.8H, m),4.94-5.08 (1H, m), 5.88-6.01 (0.1H, br), 7.63-7.71 (0.1 H, m), 7.86-7.97(2H, m), 8.08-8.20 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 395 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 28

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.76-3.94 (4H, m), 4.25-4.52 (5.8H, m),5.32-5.47 (1H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.74-7.85 (2H, m),8.18-8.28 (2.9H, m), 8.36-8.57 (6H, m), 11.45-11.92 (0.1H, br). Ex. 29

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.38-2.58 (8H, m), 4.13-4.34 (5.8H, m),5.13-5.29 (1H, m), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m),8.09-8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.68-11.78 (0.1H, br), 12.03-12.37 (2H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 581 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 30

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.97-2.09 (6H, m), 4.07-4.47 (6H, m),5.10-5.27 (1H, m), 5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.88- 7.96 (2H, m),8.10-8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.70-11.80 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 465 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 31

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.24-3.84 (7H, m), 4.00-4.20 (2H, m), 4.25(1.8H, s), 6.03 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87- 7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.17(2.9H, m), 11.71-11.88 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 407 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 32

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.12 (5.4H, s), 1.22 (0.6H, s), 3.57 (2.7H,s), 3.64 (0.3H, s), 4.13 (1.8H, m), 4.20-4.24 (2H, m), 5.98 (0.1H, s),7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.75-11.88(0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 421 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 33

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.09 (5.4H, s), 1.19 (0.6H, s), 4.10 (1.8H,s), 4.21 (2H, s), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m),8.09-8.17 (2.9H, m), 12.29-12.44 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 407 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 34

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆ + TFA, 400 MHz) δ: 4.19-4.32 (1.8H, m), 4.35-4.52 (2H,m), 4.54-4.63 (1H, m,), 5.96 (0.1H, s), 7.66 (0.1H, s), 7.86-7.97 (2H,m), 8.09-8.20 (2.9H, m), 8.42-8.57 (3H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 372 [M + H]⁺Ex. 35

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.11-1.29 (14H, m), 1.40-1.58 (4H, m), 2.16(2H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 4.08 (2H, t, J = 6.3 Hz), 4.19 (1.8H, s), 5.99(0.1H, s), 7.72 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.98 (2H, m), 8.09-8.17 (2.9H, m),11.83- 12.07 (0.1H, s). MS (ESI) m/z: 505 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 36

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.24-1.42 (2H, m), 1.43-1.71 (4H, m),2.13-2.26 (2H, m), 4.01-4.13 (2H, m), 4.21 (1.8H, s), 5.99 (0.1H, s),7.72 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.95 (2H, m), 8.09- 8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.92-12.00(1.1H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 421 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 37

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.10-4.63 (1H, br), 4.96-5.48 (2.5H, br),7.03-7.28 (0.5H, br), 7.38-7.56 (2H, br), 7.75- 8.03 (4H, br), 8.03-8.23(2.9H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 441 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 38

¹H-NMR (D₂O, 400 MHz) δ: 1.19 (6H, s), 3.36 (2H, s), 3.65- 3.77 (8H, m),4.21 (2H, s), 7.82-7.84 (3H, m), 8.01-8.08 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 439[M + H]⁺ Ex. 39

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.77 (4.8H, s), 0.94 (1.2H, s), 2.04 (1.6H,s), 2.23-2.42 (8H, m), 2.75-3.00 (2.4H, m), 3.80-3.94 (2H, m), 4.22(1.6H, m), 5.03- 5.20 (2H, m), 5.55 (0.2H, s), 5.64-5.78 (1H, m), 7.46(0.2H, s), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.11-8.20 (2.8H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 479[M + H]⁺ Ex. 40

¹H-NMR (D₂O, 400 MHz) δ: 2.17-2.28 (2H, m), 3.36-3.44 (2H, m), 3.56-3.74 (8H, m), 4.32-4.39 (2H, m), 7.81-7.89 (3H, m), 8.01-8.15 (2H, m).MS (ESI) m/z: 411 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 41

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.09 (5.4H, s), 1.16 (0.6H, s), 3.08- 3.27(4H, m), 3.83-4.04 (4H, m), 4.09 (1.8H, s), 4.16 (0.2H, s), 4.31 (1.8H,s), 6.06 (0.1H, s), 7.68 (0.1H, s), 7.89-7.97 (2H, m), 8.11-8.19 (2H,m), 8.21 (0.9H, s), 9.69-9.94 (1H, br), 11.69-11.87 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 440 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 42

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.89- 1.00 (6H, m), 2.37-2.47 (4H, m),3.40-3.50 (2H, m), 4.28 (1.8H, s), 4.81 (1.8H, s), 5.08 (0.2H, s), 5.78(0.1H, s), 7.60 (0.1H, s), 7.85-7.98 (2H, m), 8.08-8.23 (2.9H, m). MS(ESI) m/z: 408 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 43

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.80- 2.98 (1.8H, m), 3.00-3.07 (0.2H, m),4.04-4.17 (3H, m), 4.25 (1.8H, s), 4.39-4.48 (1.8H, m), 4.51-4.56 (0.2H,m), 6.05 (0.1H, s), 6.78-6.87 (1.8H, m), 6.93- 6.98 (0.2H, m), 7.03-7.09(1.8H, m), 7.15-7.20 (0.2H, m), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.95 (2H, m),7.99-8.42 (6H, m), 12.99-14.66 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 492 [M + H]⁺ Ex.44

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.20 (9H, s), 3.30-3.37 (2H, m), 3.78- 3.87(2H, m), 4.74-4.85 (2H, m), 7.88-7.96 (3H, m), 8.10-8.20 (2H, m). Ex. 45

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.08- 2.10 (3H, m), 4.30 (1.7H, s), 5.73-5.81 (2H, m), 5.98 (0.15H, m), 7.89-7.95 (2H, m), 8.11-8.18 (3H, m). MS(ESI) m/z: 379 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 46

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.44 (2.7H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 1.50 (0.3H, d,J = 5.4 Hz), 2.04 (2.7H, s), 2.07 (0.3H, s), 4.20-4.32 (1.8H, m), 5.97(0.1H, s), 6.79 (0.9H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.87-6.93 (0.1H, m), 7.75 (0.1H,s), 7.87-7.95 (2H, m), 8.08-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.58-11.83 (0.1H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 393 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 47

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.02- 1.12 (6H, s), 1.44 (2.7H, d, J = 5.4Hz), 1.50 (0.3H, d, J = 5.2 Hz), 2.52-2.64 (1H, m), 4.21-4.33 (1.8H, m),5.98 (0.1H, s), 6.75-6.94 (1H, m), 7.77 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m),8.08-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.53- 11. 86 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 421 [M +Na]⁺ Ex. 48

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.09- 1.18 (9H, m), 1.38-1.54 (3H, s), 4.27(1.8H, m), 5.97 (0.1H, s), 6.76 (0.9H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.88 (0.1H, q, J= 5.4 Hz), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m), 8.08-8.20 (2.9H, m),11.55-11.82 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 435 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 49

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.75- 0.88 (6H, m), 1.41-1.55 (7H, m),2.12-2.25 (1H, m), 4.20-4.31 (1.76H, m), 5.95 (0.12H, s), 6.83 (0.88H,q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.95 (0.12H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.76 (0.12H, s), 7.87-7.95(2H, m), 8.09-8.17 (2.88H, m), 11.56-11.85 (0.12H, br). MS (ESI) m/z:449 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 50

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.26- 1.33 (6H, m), 4.33 (1.8H, s), 5.43-5.52 (1H, m), 5.78 (1.8H, s), 5.88 (0.2H, s), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.78(0.1H, s), 7.75-7.85 (2H, m), 8.17- 8.30 (2.9H, m), 11.60-11.75 (0.1H,br). MS (ESI) m/z: 423 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 51

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.06- 1.09 (6H, m), 3.36-3.44 (2H, s), 4.30(1.8H, s), 4.89 (1H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 5.74 (1.8H, s), 5.83 (0.2H, s), 5.96(0.1H, s), 7.88- 7.96 (2H, m), 8.11-8.18 (3H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 437 [M +Na]⁺ Ex. 52

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.11- 1.21 (6H, m), 1.95-2.04 (3H, m),3.98-4.07 (2H, m), 4.32 (1.7H, s), 5.77 (1.7H, s), 5.86 (0.3H, s), 6.00(0.15H, s), 7.45 (0.15H, s), 7.75-7.84 (2H, m), 8.17-8.27 (2.85H, m),11.58-11.78 (0.15H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 479 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 53

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.13 (5H, s), 1.17 (1H, m), 1.40-1.52 (3H,m), 1.97 (2.5H, s), 2.00 (0.5H, 3), 3.95-4.08 (2H, m), 4.27 (1.8H, m),5.95 (0.1H, s), 6.78 (0.8H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.90 (0.2H, q, J = 5.4 Hz),7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10-8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.60-11.75(0.1H, s). MS (ESI) m/z: 493 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 54

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.03- 1.14 (6H, m), 1.37-1.52 (3H, m),3.18-3.30 (5H, m), 4.28-4.32 (1.8H, m), 5.98 (0.1H, s), 6.72- 6.81(0.9H, m), 6.83-6.94 (0.1H, m), 7.78 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m),8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.60-11.80 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 465 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 55

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.08- 1.85 (13H, m), 2.23-2.38 (1H, m),4.18-4.29 (1.7H, m), 5.95 (0.15H, s), 6.73-6.94 (1H, m), 7.74 (0.15H,s), 7.85-7.95 (2H, m), 8.07-8.17 (2.85H, m), 11.49-11.82 (0.15H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 461 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 56

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.49- 1.65 (2H, m), 1.70-1.83 (2H, m),2.60-2.75 (1H, m), 3.28-3.41 (2H, m), 3.73-3.86 (2H, m), 4.32 (1.8H, s),5.77 (1.8H, s), 5.86 (0.2H, s), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H, s),7.88-8.02 (2H, m), 8.09-8.22 (2.9H, m), 11.59-11.75 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 449 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 57

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.40- 1.60 (5H, m), 1.66-1.78 (2H, m),2.55-2.70 (1H, m), 3.25-3.37 (2H, m), 3.70-3.85 (2H, m), 4.27 (1.8H, s),5.97 (0.1H, s), 6.80 (0.9H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.91 (0.1H, q, J = 5.4 Hz),7.77 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96 (2H, m), 8.08- 8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.60-11.75(0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 463 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 58

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.40- 1.67 (5H, m), 1.40-1.67 (6H, m),2.53-2.64 (1H, m), 4.27 (1.8H, s), 5.95 (0.1H, s), 6.80 (0.9H, d, J =5.4 Hz), 6.91 (0.1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m),8.08- 8.20 (2.9H, m), 12.24-12.32 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 497 [M +Na]⁺ Ex. 59

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.85- 1.00 (6H, m), 1.43-1.60 (2H, m),1.63-1.80 (2H, m), 1.92-2.04 (1H, m), 2.57-2.69 (1H, m), 3.25-3.40 (2H,m), 3.68-3.82 (2H, m), 4.22-4.35 (1.8H, m), 5.96 (0.1H, s), 6.57 (0.9H,d, J = 5.1 Hz), 6.69 (0.1H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.85-7.96(2H, m), 8.08-8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.50-11.80 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 491[M + Na]⁺ Ex. 60

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.50- 3.62 (2H, m), 4.07-4.17 (1H, m), 4.31(1.7H, s), 4.84-4.95 (1H, br), 5.57 (1H, d, J = 6.1 Hz), 5.74-5.82(1.7H, m), 5.84-5.92 (0.3H, m), 5.99 (0.15H, s), 7.78 (0.15H, s),7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.08-8.20 (2.85H, m), 11.60-11.75 (0.15H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 425 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 61

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.65- 1.80 (2H, m), 1.92-2.03 (2H, m),2.70-2.82 (1H, m), 2.87-3.02 (2H, m), 3.08-3.26 (2H, m), 4.34 (1.8H, s),5.78 (1.8H, s), 5.87 (0.2H, s), 5.99 (0.1H, m), 7.79 (0.1H, s),7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.09-8.20 (2.9H, m), 8.53- 8.70 (1H, br), 8.80-8.95(1H, br), 11.47-11.89 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 426 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 62

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.17- 1.24 (3H, m), 1.46-1.54 (3H, m),4.10-4.22 (2H, m), 4.25-4.34 (1.8H, m), 5.88-5.94 (0.1H, br), 6.65-6.81(1H, m), 7.69-7.74 (0.1H, br), 7.88- 7.97 (2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m).MS (ESI) m/z: 423 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 63

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.19- 1.26 (3H, m), 4.13-4.23 (2H, m), 4.34(1.8H, s), 5.73 (1.8H, s), 5.84 (0.2H, s), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H,s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.08-8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.53- 11.77 (0.1H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 409 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 64

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.27- 3.40 (2H, m), 3.62-3.72 (1H, m),3.98-4.07 (1H, m), 4.14-4.23 (1H, m), 4.19-4.27 (1.6H, m), 4.84- 4.94(1H, br), 5.52-5.62 (1H, br), 5.76 (1.6H, s), 5.85 (0.4H, s), 6.00(0.2H, s), 7.78 (0.2H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.09-8.20 (2.8H, m),11.50-11.82 (0.2H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 455 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 65

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.42- 1.56 (3H, m), 3.20-3.40 (2H, s),3.59-3.71 (1H, m), 3.92-4.07 (1H, m), 4.09-4.20 (1H, m), 4.24-4.36(1.8H, m), 4.61-4.75 (1H, br), 4.95-5.05 (1H, br), 5.98 (0.1H, m),6.65-6.85 (1H, m), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.09-8.19 (2.9H,m), 11.20-11.66 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 469 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 66

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.22- 1.33 (6H, m), 1.48 (2.55H, d, J = 5.4Hz), 1.54 (0.45H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 3.61-3.71 (1H, m), 3.97-4.13 (2H, m),4.16-4.35 (3.7H, m), 5.97-6.01 (0.15H, m), 6.70 (0.85H, q, J = 5.4 Hz),6.78-6.85 (0.15H, m), 7.77 (0.15H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.18(2.85H, m), 11.52-11.83 (0.15H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 509 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 67

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.12- 1.40 (6H, m), 1.46 (2.7H, d, J = 5.1Hz), 1.53 (0.3H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 1.56-1.67 (2H, m), 1.75-1.90 (2H, m),4.21-4.33 (1.8H, m), 4.46-4.62 (1H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, m), 6.82 (0.9H, q, J= 5.1 Hz), 6.75-6.83 (0.1H, m), 7.77 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m),8.07-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.60-11.75 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 477 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 68

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.43-1.62 (5H, m), 1.81-1.95 (2H, m),3.35-3.48 (2H, m), 3.68-3.80 (2H, m), 4.25 (0.9H, d, J = 16.6 Hz), 4.30(0.9H, d, J = 16.6 Hz), 4.64-4.84 (1H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 6.69 (0.9H,q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.80 (0.1H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.77 (0.1H, s), 7.85-7.97(2H, m), 8.07-8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.60-11.75 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 479[M + Na]⁺ Ex. 69

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.48-3.63 (2H, m), 4.00-4.12 (1H, m),4.20-4.45 (5.8H, m), 4.60-5.00 (1H, br), 5.10-5.60 (1H, br), 6.00 (0.1H,s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.75-7.84 (2H, m), 8.17-8.26 (2.9H, m), 11.74-11.86(0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 439 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 70

¹H-NMR (acetone-d₆ + D₂O, 400 MHz) δ: 3.25-3.46 (3H, m), 3.53-4.20 (6H,m), 4.28-4.79 (2.5H, m), 4.81-4.85 (0.5H, m), 5.95-6.01 (0.5H, s),7.49-7.53 (0.5H, m), 7.66-7.96 (2.5H, m), 8.13-8.24 (2H, m). MS (ESI)m/z: 513 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 71

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.37 (18H, s), 3.97-4.06 (1.8H, m),4.08-4.15 (0.2H, m), 4.22 (1.9H, s), 4.25-4.30 (1.8H, m), 4.34- 4.41(0.2H, m), 5.95 (0.1H, s), 7.86-7.95 (2H, m), 8.08-8.18 (3H, m). MS(ESI) m/z: 543 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 72

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33-1.64 (4H, m), 1.75-1.87 (2H, m),2.72-2.82 (2H, m), 3.96-4.05 (1H, m), 4.27 (1.8H, s), 4.33-4.43 (4H, m),5.86 (0.1H, s), 7.67 (0.1H, s), 7.80- 8.75 (10.9H, m), 11.77-11.83(0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 457 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 73

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.92-1.03 (6H, m), 2.08-2.22 (1H, m), 3.92(0.9H, m), 3.97 (0.1H, m), 4.23 (1.8H, s), 4.31- 4.60 (4H, m), 5.93(0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.10-8.19 (2.9H, m), 8.24-8.60 (3H, br), 11.83-12.02 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 428 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 74

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.38- 1.46 (3H, m), 4.02-4.15 (1H, m), 4.27(1.8H, s), 4.31-4.50 (4H, m), 5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96(2H, m), 8.09-8.19 (2.9H, m), 8.42-8.73 (3H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 400 [M +H]⁺ : Ex. 75

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.75- 3.88 (2H, m), 4.10-4.21 (1H, m), 4.25(1.8H, s), 4.30-4.50 (4H, m), 5.53-5.62 (1H, br), 5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.74(0.1H, s), 7.75- 7.84 (2H, m), 8.17-8.27 (2.9H, m), 8.30-8.60 (3H, br).MS (ESI) m/z: 416 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 76

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.77- 0.88 (6H, m), 1.44-1.63 (7H, m),4.22-4.34 (1.8H, m), 4.44-4.57 (1H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 6.69 (0.9H, q, J= 5.4 Hz), 6.76-6.82 (0.1H, m), 7.77 (0.1H, s), 7.88- 7.95 (2H, m),8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.59-11.87 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 465 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 77

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.77- 0.92 (3H, m), 1.16-1.41 (6H, m),1.49-1.71 (2H, m), 4.09 (2H, t, J = 6.4 Hz), 4.21 (1.8H, m), 6.01 (0.1H,s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.88- 7.97 (2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.93-12.02(0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 391 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 78

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.15- 1.49 (6H, m), 1.56-1.93 (4H, m), 4.18(1.8H, m), 4.70-4.90 (1H, m), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.96(2H, m), 8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 12.04-12.10 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 389[M + Na]⁺ Ex. 79

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.24 (2.7H, s), 3.29 (0.3H, s), 3.50- 3.55(1.8H, m), 3.58-3.63 (0.2H, m), 4.20-4.25 (3.6H, m), 4.30- 4.35 (0.2H,m), 6.04 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.95 (2H, m), 8.09-8.17 (2.9H,m), 11.84- 11.98 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 365 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 80

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.86 (6H, s), 3.30-3.37 (2H, m), 3.48- 3.58(2H, m), 4.64-4.73 (2H, m), 7.89-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10-8.20 (3H, m),10.39-10.56 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 355 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 81

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.20 (2.7H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.28 (0.3H, t,J = 7.1 Hz), 4.14 (1.7H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.20 (1.8H, s), 4.25 (0.2H, q,J = 7.1Hz), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.77 (0.1H, s), 7.99-8.07 (1H, m), 8.08-8.23 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 393 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 82

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.20 (2.7H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.27 (0.3H, t,J = 7.1 Hz), 4.10-4.28 (3.8H, m), 4.42 (4H, s), 5.97 (0.1H, s), 7.46-7.55 (2H, m), 7.68 (0.1H, s), 8.10 (0.9H, s). MS (ESI) m/z: 493 [M +Na]⁺ Ex. 83

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.82- 0.96 (6H, m), 1.73-1.90 (1H, m), 3.62(2H, d, J = 6.6 Hz), 5.01 (1H, s), 6.99 (1H, s), 7.80-7.93 (2H, m),8.03-8.17 (2H, s). MS (ESI) m/z: 363 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 84

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.03 (2.7H, s), 1.04 (0.3H, s), 1.08 (0.3H,s), 1.43 (2.7H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 1.49 (0.3H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 3.29-3.44(2H, m), 4.21-4.31 (1.8H, m), 4.84 (1H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.94 (0.1H, s),6.76 (0.9H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.96 (0.1H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.74 (0.1H, s),7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10- 8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.65-11.80 (0.1H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 451 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 85

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.27- 1.39 (2H, m), 1.45-1.60 (4H, m), 2.20(2H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.80-3.93 (2H, br), 5.10 (1H, s), 7.06 (1H, s),7.82-7.90 (2H, m), 8.03-8.13 (2H, m), 9.50-14.63 (1H, m). MS (ESI) m/z:419 [M − H]⁻ Ex. 86

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.23- 3.48 (2H, m), 3.55-3.67 (1H, m),3.72-3.93 (2H, m), 4.68-5.05 (3H, m), 6.96-7.04 (1H, br), 7.78-7.93 (2H,m), 8.00-8.16 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 381 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 87

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.16 (3H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 3.93 (2H, q, J =7.0 H), 5.11 (1H, s), 7.06 (1H, s), 7.80-7.91 (2H, m), 8.03-8.12 (2H,m). MS (ESI) m/z: 335 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 88

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.35- 3.41 (2H, m), 3.57-3.66 (1H, m),3.81-3.90 (2H, m), 4.66-4.86 (2H, br), 5.11 (1H, s), 7.06 (1H, s),7.76-7.95 (2H, m), 8.02-8.16 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 381 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 89

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.27 (3H, s), 3.47-3.53 (2H, m), 3.98- 4.06(2H, m), 5.12 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H, s), 7.88-7.95 (2H, m), 8.01- 8.17 (2H,m). MS (ESI) m/z: 365 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 90

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.22- 4.63 (5.8H, m), 4.99-5.15 (1H, m),6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.09-8.20 (2.9H, m),11.66-11.78 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 407 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 91

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21- 1.27 (3H, m), 4.17-4.28 (3.8H, m),4.48-4.61 (3H, m), 5.91 (0.1H, s), 7.69 (0.1H, s), 7.90-7.96 (2H, m),8.11-8.20 (2.9H, m), 8.55-9.10 (3H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 400 [M + H]⁺ Ex.92

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.07 (2.7H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.12 (0.3H, t,J = 7.1 Hz), 3.42 (1.8H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 3.49 (0.2H, q, J = 7.1 Hz),3.52-3.58 (1.8H, m), 3.60-3.65 (0.2H, m), 4.17-4.25 (3.6H, m), 4.29-4.34(0.2H, m), 6.04 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.95 (2H, m), 8.10-8.18(2.9H, m), 11.85- 11.95 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 379 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 93

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.24 (6H, t, J = 7.12 Hz), 3.02-3.25 (4H,m), 4.14-4.22 (2H, m), 4.32 (1.8H, s), 4.92 (1.8H, s), 5.01 (0.2H, s),6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.79 (0.1H, s), 7.89-7.98 (2H, m), 8.10-8.22 (2.9H, m),10.70-11.30 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 408 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 94

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.80- 2.85 (2H, m), 3.27 (3H, s), 3.46-3.58(4H, m), 3.95-4.03 (1.6H, m), 4.17- 4.28 (0.4H, m), 5.00-5.15 (2H, m),7.00-7.40 (3H, m), 7.82-7.97 (2H, m), 8.05-8.18 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z:365 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 95

¹H-NMR (D₂O, 400 MHz) δ: 2.94-3.02 (2H, m), 3.49-3.63 (2H, m), 3.63-3.71 (2H, m), 3.85-4.08 (3H, m), 6.80-6.88 (1H, m), 7.51-7.64 (1H, m),7.70-7.82 (1H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 381 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 96

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.00 (2.7H, s), 2.05 (0.3H, s), 4.19-4.21(2H, m), 4.24 (1.8H, m), 4.28-4.32 (2H, m), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H,s), 7.90-7.95 (2H, m), 8.13-8.16 (2.9H, m), 11.81 (0.1H, s). MS (ESI)m/z: 393 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 97

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.37- 2.45 (4H, m), 3.28-3.31 (2H, m),3.52-3.60 (4H, m), 4.29 (1.8H, s), 4.82-4.84 (1.8H, m), 4.90-4.94 (0.2H,m), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.89-7.95 (2H, m), 8.10- 8.19 (2.9H,m). MS (ESI) m/z: 422 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 98

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.07 (2H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 4.32 (1.6H, m),5.45-5.55 (1H, m), 5.76-5.91 (2.2H, m), 7.75 (0.2H, s), 7.85-7.97 (2H,m), 8.07-8.22 (2.8H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 395 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 99

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.80 (5.4H, s), 0.93 (0.6H, s), 2.05 (1.8H,s), 2.31-2.41 (3.8H, m), 2.56-2.62 (0.4H, m), 3.46-3.53 (3.6H, m),3.60-3.66 (0.4H, m), 3.88 (1.8H, s), 3.97 (0.2H, s), 4.23 (1.8H, s),5.82 (0.1H, s), 7.61 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.10- 8.22 (2.9H, m).MS (ESI) m/z: 440 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 100

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.34 (1.8H, s), 6.00 (1.8H, s), 6.03 (0.1H,s), 6.10 (0.2H, 3), 7.45- 7.51 (1.8H, m), 7.54-7.59 (0.2H, m), 7.60-7.65(0.9H, m), 7.68-7.74 (0.1H, m), 7.78 (0.1H, s), 7.88- 8.02 (4H, m),8.09-8.15 (2.9H, m), 11.61-11.74 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 441 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 101

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.10, 1.12 (total 6H, s, s), 3.20, 3.20(total 3H, s, s), 4.31 (1.8H, s), 5.75 (1.8H, s), 5.84 (0.2H, s), 5.99(0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.11-8.18 (2.9H, m),11.50-11.90 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 451 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 102

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.48- 2.55 (2H, m), 3.60-3.67 (2H, m), 4.31(1.8H, s), 5.75 (1.8H, s), 5.85 (0.1H, s), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.79 (0.1H,s), 7.88-7.95 (2H, m), 8.09-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.61-11.74 (0.1H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 409 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 103

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.45 (2.4H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 1.51 (0.6H, d,J = 5.4 Hz), 3.95-4.10 (2H, m), 4.21-4.32 (1.6H, m), 5.46 (1H, d, J =6.4 Hz), 5.97 (0.2H, s), 6.85 (0.8H, q, J = 5.4 Hz), 6.96 (0.1H, q, J =5.4 Hz), 7.77 (0.2H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.10-8.19 (2.8H, m),11.65-11.97 (0.1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 409 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 104

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.19 (3H, s), 1.21 (3H, s), 1.37 (3H, d, J= 7.1Hz), 4.07-4.17 (2H, m), 4.27-4.30 (1H, m), 4.33 (1.8H, s), 5.78(1.8H, s), 5.85-5.90 (0.3H, m), 7.66-7.78 (0.1H, m), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m),8.12-8.20 (2.9H, m), 8.30-8.45 (3H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 486 [M + H]⁺ Ex.105

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.39- 3.53 (4H, m), 3.59-3.72 (2H, m),4.20-4.34 (3.8H, s), 4.57 (1H, t, J = 5.2 Hz), 6.03 (0.1H, s), 7.76(0.1H, s), 7.88-7.95 (2H, m), 8.10-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.89-11.94 (0.1H,br). MS (ESI) m/z: 495 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 106

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.31 (1.8H, s), 4.65 (1.8H, s), 4.72 (0.2H,s), 6.04 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.95 (2H, m), 8.10-8.19 (2.9H,m). MS (ESI) m/z: 341 [M − H]⁻ Ex. 107

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.84- 2.93 (2H, m), 2.98-3.09 (2H, m), 4.49(1.8H, s), 6.19 (0.1H, s), 7.10-7.22 (2H, m), 7.29-7.37 (2H, m), 7.81(0.1H, s), 7.87-7.98 (5H, m), 8.11-8.19 (2H, m), 8.23 (1H, s). MS (ESI)m/z: 404 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 108

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.04- 3.18 (2H, m), 3.38-3.48 (4H, m),3.72-3.84 (2H, m), 3.87-3.99 (2H, m), 4.30 (1.8H, s), 4.45-4.51 (1.8H,m), 4.57-4.64 (0.2H, m), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.70 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.96 (2H,m), 8.10-8.18 (2H, m), 8.20 (0.9H, s), 10.80-11.05 (1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z :398 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 109

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.85- 2.07 (3H, m), 2.22-2.34 (1H, m),3.15-3.26 (2H, m), 4.36 (1.8H, s), 4.42-4.52 (1H, m), 5.80-5.97 (2H, m),5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.80 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m), 8.08-8.23 (2.9H, m),8.80-9.40 (1H, br), 9.70-10.50 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 412 [M + H]⁺ Ex.110

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.76- 3.85 (1H, m), 4.05-4.20 (4H, m), 4.34(1.8H, s), 5.82 (1.6H, s), 5.90 (0.4H, s), 5.97 (0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H,s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10-8.20 (2.9H, m), 8.70-8.90 (2H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 398 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 111

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.25- 3.72 (7H, m), 4.20-4.27 (3.8H, m),4.44 (1H, t, J = 5.6 Hz), 4.61 (1H, d, J = 4.9 Hz), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.74(0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.85-11.95 (0.1H,br). MS (ESI) m/z: 425 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 112

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.25- 3.48 (5H, m), 3.68-3.77 (1.8H, m),3.78-3.83 (0.2H, m), 4.17-4.26 (3.6H, m), 4.27-4.32 (0.2H, m), 4.47 (2H,t, J = 5.4 Hz), 5.96 (0.1H, s), 7.70 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m),8.10-8.18 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 425 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 113

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.36 (1.8H, s), 5.30 (1.8H, s), 5.40 (0.2H,s), 6.12 (0.1H, s), 7.41- 7.62 (2H, m), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.89- 7.99 (3H,m), 8.11-8.21 (2.9H, m), 8.58-8.65 (1H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 398 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 114

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.11- 1.18 (6H, m), 3.38-3.51 (1H, m),4.07-4.25 (2H, m), 4.30 (1.8H, s), 4.36-4.50 (2H, m), 5.12-5.31 (1H,br), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.79 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.97 (2H, m), 8.08-8.21 (2.9H,m), 10.80-11.25 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 382 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 115

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.93- 3.22 (4H, m), 3.62-4.08 (4H, m),4.10-4.27 (2H, br), 4.32 (1.8H, s), 4.93 (1.8H, m), 5.02 (0.2H, m), 6.02(0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H, s), 7.89-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10-8.21 (2.9H, m),11.15-11.80 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 422 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 116

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.87- 2.07 (4H, m), 2.97-3.57 (4H, m),4.19-4.27 (2H, m), 4.32 (1.8H, s), 4.92 (1.8H, m), 5.00 (0.2H, m), 6.02(0.1H, s), 7.79 (0.1H, s), 7.90-7.99 (2H, m), 8.11-8.23 (2.9H, m),10.96-11.42 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 406 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 117

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.33 (1.8H, s), 5.51 (1.8H, s), 5.59 (0.2H,s), 6.06 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.89-7.96 (2H, m), 8.10- 8.19 (2.9H,m). MS (ESI) m/z: 365 [M − H]⁻ Ex. 118

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.26 (1.8H, s), 5.26 (1.8H, 3), 5.36 (0.2H,s), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.95 (2.9H, m), 7.98 (0.1H, s),8.10-8.18 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 366 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 119

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.69- 1.82 (2H, m), 3.40-3.53 (2H, m),4.14-4.17 (1.8H, m), 4.20 (1.8H, s), 4.25-4.28 (0.2H, m), 4.51 (1H, t, J= 5.1 Hz), 5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.72 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.10- 8-19(2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 365 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 120

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.93- 1.01 (6H, m), 1.93-2.07 (2H, m),2.10-2.26 (1H, m), 3.84-3.94 (1H, m), 4.19-4.31 (5.8H, m), 6.01 (0.1H,s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.90- 7.98 (2H, m), 8.12-8.20 (2.9H, m), 8.38-8.63(3H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 442 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 121

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.95- 4.13 (2H, m), 4.26-4.35 (3.8H, m),5.25-5.38 (1H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.78 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.99 (2H, m),8.10-8.23 (2.9H, m), 8.70-9.30 (2H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 340 [M + H]⁺ Ex.122

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.46- 3.62 (2H, m), 4.00-4.12 (1H, m),4.21-4.43 (5.8H, m), 4.80 (1H, t, J = 5.9 Hz), 5.37 (0.9H, d, J = 6.1Hz), 5.44 (0.1H, d, J = 6.1 Hz), 6.00 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m), 8.10-8.18 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 439 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 123

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.22- 1.42 (2H, m), 1.53-1.62 (2H, m),1.68-1.78 (2H, m), 2.87 (2H, t, J = 7.6Hz), 3.48-3.69 (3H, m), 3.83-3.98 (2H, m), 4.03 (1H, dd, J = 11.5, 3.7 Hz), 6.79-6.84 (1H, m), 7.51-7.60 (2H, m), 7.68-7.80 (2.0H). MS (ESI) m/z: 357 [M − H]⁻, 381 [M +Na]⁺ Ex. 124

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 5.00 (2H, s), 5.12 (1H, s), 7.07 (1H, s),7.65 (1H, s), 7.80-7.90 (2H, m), 8.10-8.18 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 388[M + Na]⁺ Ex. 125

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.82 (2H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 3.46-3.66 (8H,m), 3.96-4.04 (2H, m), 4.17-4.32 (1H, br), 5.07 (1H, s), 7.06 (1H, s),7.81-7.95 (2H, m), 8.04-8.20 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 395 [M + Na]⁺ Ex.126

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.75- 1.89 (1H, m), 2.82 (2H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 3.41-3.48 (4H, m), 3.55 (2H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 3.86-4.20 (2H, m),5.02 (1H, s), 7.05 (1H, s), 7.80-7.92 (2H, m), 8.05-8.15 (2H, m). MS(ESI) m/z: 395 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 127

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.96, 0.98 (total 9H, s, s), 3.15, 3.18(total 2H, s, s), 4.15-4.70 (4H, m), 4.30 (1.8H, s), 5.15-5.35 (1H, m),5.98 (0.1H, s), 7.80 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.95 (2H, m), 8.10-8.17 (2H, m),8.20 (0.9H, s), 10.15-10.40 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 410 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 128

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.84 (2H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 3.10-4.10 (11H,m), 5.08 (1H, s), 7.07 (1H, s), 7.82-8.00 (2H, m), 8.05-8.25 (2H, m). MS(ESI) m/z: 425 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 129

¹H-NMR (D₂O, 400 MHz) δ: 2.97 (2H, t, J = 4.9 Hz), 3.40-3.60 (4H, m),3.63-3.75 (4H, m), 3.76-3.85 (1H, m), 4.03-4.13 (2H, m), 4.22-4.30(0.2H, s), 6.75 (1H, s), 7.45-7.57 (2H, m), 7.60-7.71 (2H, m) MS (ESI)m/z: 425 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 130

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.23- 1.34 (6H, m), 2.00-2.45 (2H, m),3.05-3.28 (2H, m), 3.37-3.62 (2.7H, m), 3.70-3.87 (0.3H, m), 4.25 (1.8H,s), 5.33-5.47 (1H, m), 5.95 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H,m), 8.10-8.24 (2.9H, m), 10.62-11.24 (1H, br) MS (ESI) m/z: 396 [M + H]⁺Ex. 131

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.13- 3.22 (2H, m), 3.80-3.93 (1H, m),4.09-4.19 (1H, m), 4.19-4.27 (1H, m), 4.30 (1.8H, s), 4.46-4.56 (1H, m),5.19-5.35 (1H, m), 6.03 (0.1H, s), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87- 7.96 (2H, m),8.09-8.18 (2.9H, m), 11.19-13.19 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 424 [M − H]⁻Ex. 132

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.75 (3H, s), 3.11-3.24 (2H, m), 3.60- 3.84(7H, m), 3.97-4.18 (4H, m), 6.84-6.87 (1H, m), 7.60-7.66 (2H, m),7.73-7.80 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 381 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 133

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.65- 1.78 (2H, m), 2.81 (2H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 3.49-3.58 (4H, m), 3.91-3.99 (2H, m), 4.09-4.30 (1H, br), 5.05 (1H,s), 7.06 (1H, s), 7.81-7.97 (2H, m), 8.03-8.22 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z:365 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 134

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.66- 2.77 (2H, m), 2.97-3.09 (2H, m),4.25-4.32 (3.8H, m), 4.34-4.38 (2H, m), 6.01 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s),7.85-8.05 (5H, m), 8.10-8.19 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 400 [M + H]⁺ Ex.135

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.65- 2.77 (4H, m), 4.08 (1H, s), 4.33-4.45 (4H, m), 6.08 (0.5H, s), 7.75 (0.5H, s), 7.75-7.85 (2H, m),8.18-8.30 (2H, m), 11.65- 11.80 (0.5H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 427 [M − H]⁻Ex. 136

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.84 (2H, t, J = 5.4 Hz), 3.45-3.59 (16H,m), 3.96-4.03 (1.6H, br), 4.15-4.30 (0.4H, m), 5.09 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H,s), 7.82-7.91 (2H, m), 8.04-8.15 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 522 [M + H]⁺ Ex.137

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.85 (2H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 3.14 (3H, s),3.30-3.50 (2H, m), 3.57 (2H, t, J = 5.1Hz), 4.17-4.25 (2H, m), 5.01 (1H,s), 5.05-5.15 (1H, br), 7.07 (1H, s), 7.82-7.91 (2H, m), 8.04- 8.15 (2H,m). MS (ESI) m/z: 389 [M − H]⁻, 413 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 138

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.39- 2.47 (2H, m), 3.57-3.69 (4H, m),4.18-4.33 (3.8H, m), 6.03 (0.1H, s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.97 (2H, m),8.09-8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.86- 11.95 (0.1H, br), 12.03-12.36 (1H, br). MS(ESI) m/z: 399 [M − H]⁻ Ex. 139

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.20 (6H, t, J = 7.3Hz), 3.05-3.18 (4H, m),3.21-3.27 (2H, m), 3.65-3.83 (4H, m), 4.22-4.35 (3.8H, m), 6.00 (0.1H,s), 7.76 (0.1H, s), 7.88- 7.98 (2H, m), 8.11-8.19 (2.9H, m), 9.70-10.05(1H, br) MS (ESI) m/z: 426 [M − H]⁻, 428 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 140

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.85 (2H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 3.36-3.43 (2H, m),3.52 (2H, t, J = 4.9 Hz), 3.56 (2H, t, J = 5.4Hz), 3.83 (2H, t, J =4.9Hz), 4.24 (2H, t, J = 4.9 Hz), 4.96 (1H, s), 5.00-5.15 (1H, br), 7.08(1H, s), 7.83-7.89 (2H, m), 8.07-8.11 (2H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 443 [M +Na]⁺ Ex. 141

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.20- 3.30 (2H, m), 3.50-3.63 (2H, m), 3.70(1.8H, t, J = 5.6 Hz), 3.77 (0.2H, t, J = 5.6Hz), 4.32 (1.8H, s), 4.48(1.8H, t, J = 5.6 Hz), 4.56 (0.2H, t, J = 5.6 Hz), 6.08 (0.1H, s), 7.79(0.1H, s), 7.89-7.98 (2H, m), 8.08-8.25 (5.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 418 [M− H]⁻, 420 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 142

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.04- 3.21 (2H, m), 4.24-4.38 (6.8H, m),5.93 (0.1H, s), 7.19-7.34 (5H, m), 7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.91- 7.95 (2H, m),8.11-8.17 (2.9H, m), 8.40-8.70 (3H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 476 [M + H]⁺ Ex.143

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.52- 2.57 (2H, m), 3.19-3.23 (3H, m),3.57-3.70 (4H, m), 4.18-4.33 (3.8H, m), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s),7.89-7.96 (2H, m), 8.10-8.17 (2.9H, m), 11.63-11.82 (1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 500 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 144

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.87- 1.02 (6H, m), 2.00-2.15 (1H, m),2.92, 2.97, 3.08, 3.14 (total 3H, s, s, s, s), 3.38-3.45 (2H, m),3.77-3.90 (1H, m), 4.15-4.30 (4H, m), 5.93, 6.14 (total 0.1 H, s, s),7.72, 7.78 (total 0.1H, s, s), 7.88-7.99 (2H, m), 8.06-8.20 (6H, m). MS(ESI) m/z: 441 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 145

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.13 (6H, s), 3.18, 3.22 (total 3H, s, s),4.18-4.30 (3.8H, m), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.88- 7.98 (2H, m),8.12-8.20 (2.9H, m), 11.38-11.55 (1H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 484 [M + Na]⁺Ex. 146

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 4.30 (1.8H, s), 4.48-4.61 (2H, m),4.78-4.87 (2H, m), 5.43-5.54 (1H, m), 6.06 (0.1H, s), 7.77 (0.1H, s),7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.10-8.18 (2.9H, m). MS (ESI) m/z: 363 [M + Na]⁺ Ex.147

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.10 (2.7H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.17 (0.3H, t,J = 7.1Hz), 3.15-3.25 (2H, m), 4.00-4.27 (2H, br), 4.31 (1.8H, s),4.31-4.53 (2H, br), 5.12-5.45 (1H, br), 5.99 (0.1H, s), 7.79 (0.1H, s),7.87-7.98 (2H, m), 8.08-8.21 (2.9H, m), 10.70-11.25 (1H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 366 [M − H]⁻, 368 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 148

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 3.29 (3H, s), 4.34 (1.8H, s), 5.26 (1.8H,s), 5.34 (0.2H, s), 6.05-6.15 (0.1H, br), 7.44-7.56 (2H, m), 7.69-7.77(0.1H, br), 7.88-7.98 (4H, m), 8.09- 8.19 (2.9H, m), 11.86-12.40 (1H,br). MS (ESI) m/z: 518 [M + Na]⁺ Ex. 149

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 2.80- 2.95 (2H, m), 4.23 (1.8H, s), 4.29-4.49 (5H, m), 5.96 (0.1H, s), 7.73 (0.1H, s), 7.89-7.98 (2H, m), 8.09-8.19 (2.9H, m), 8.27-8.50 (3H, br). MS (ESI) m/z: 444 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 150

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 0.89 (6H, d, J = 6.4Hz), 1.56-1.82 (3H, m),3.92-4.01 (1H, m), 4.25 (1.8H, s), 4.32-4.55 (4H, m), 5.96 (0.1H, s),7.75 (0.1H, s), 7.88-7.98 (2H, m), 8.10-8.22 (2.9H, m), 8.43-8.65 (3H,br). MS (ESI) m/z: 442 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 151

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.99- 2.13 (5H, m), 2.53-2.70 (2H, m),4.06-4.18 (1H, m), 4.26 (1.8H, s), 4.31-4.52 (4H, m), 5.97 (0.1H, s),7.74 (0.1H, s), 7.87-7.99 (2H, m), 8.08-8.20 (2.9H, s), 8.55-8.75 (3H,br). MS (ESI) m/z: 460 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 152

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.85- 2.09 (2H, m), 2.48-2.55 (2H, m),3.53-3.59 (1H, m), 4.20-4.38 (6H, m), 7.88-7.96 (2H, m), 8.07-8.23 (3H).MS (ESI) m/z: 458 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 153

¹H-NMR (DMS)-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.37- 1.44 (3H, m), 1.93-2.06 (2H, m),4.03-4.14 (1H, m), 4.17-4.31 (5.8H, m), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s),7.91-7.95 (2H, m), 8.11-8.17 (2.9H, m), 8.40-8.60 (3H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 414 [M + H]⁺ Ex. 154

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.91- 2.08 (2H, m), 3.74-3.92 (2H, m),4.11-4.33 (6.8H, m), 5.55-5.63 (1H, m), 6.02 (0.1H, s), 7.75 (0.1H, s),7.89-7.96 (2H, m), 8.10-8.18 (2.9H, m), 8.33-8.56 (3H, br). MS (ESI)m/z: 430 [M + H]⁺

Experimental Example 1 Plasma Concentration After Oral Administration toRat

Compound (A) or Example compound suspended in 0.5% methylcellulosesolution was administered by gavage to male SD rats at a dose of 30mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, respectively. At 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 8 and 24 hrafter administration, blood samples were collected from the cervicalvein with a 1 mL syringe to which heparin was added. Using HPLC, theplasma concentration of compound (A) was determined.

After administration of the compound of Example 1-4, 6-9, 11, 12, 15-19,22, 25, 26, 30-33, 35, 37-42, 48-53, 55-57, 60-64, 67, 68, 70, 72-75,83, 85 or 86, compound (A) emerged in the plasma over time. The maximumplasma concentration of compound (A) at the time was markedly higherthan that by the administration of compound (A) itself.

Experimental Example 2 Blood Concentration After Oral Administration toRat or Dog

Compound (A) or Example compound suspended in 0.5% methylcellulosesolution was administered by gavage to male SD rat or male beagle at adose of 30 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, respectively. At 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6and 24 hr after administration, blood samples were collected from thecervical vein with a 1 mL syringe and was added in a 2.0 mL tube towhich heparin was added. The blood was treated with acetonitrile, andthe blood concentration of compound (A) was determined by using HPLC orLC-MS/MS.

After administration of the compound of Example 13, 54, 60, 65, 66, 74,75, 79, 88, 93, 95, 114, 116, 120, 125, 126, 129 or 133, compound (A)emerged in the blood over time. The maximum blood concentration ofcompound (A) at the time was higher than that by the administration ofcompound (A) itself.

Experimental Example 3 Metabolism by Plasma and Liver Microsome

Hydrolysis by plasma: The plasma (495 μL) of human or SD rat was addedin a 1.5 mL plastic tube, 100 μg/mL test compound solution (5 μL) wasadded thereto in a warm bath at 37° C. After 15, 30 and 60 min, thereaction mixture was collected by 50 μL, acetonitrile (50 μL) was addedand mixed, and the mixture was centrifuged at 12,000×g, 4° C. for 3 min.The concentration of compound (A) in the supernatant was measured byHPLC.

Hydrolysis by liver microsome: 0.5 M Phosphate buffer (100 μL), NADPHregeneration system solution A (25 μL), NADPH regeneration systemsolution B (5 μL), ultra-pure water (353 μL) and 100 pg/mL test compoundsolution (5 μL) were added in a 1.5 mL plastic tube, and 20 mgprotein/mL human, beagle or SD rat liver microsome suspension (11.3 μL)was added thereto to start the reaction. After 15, 30 and 60 min, thereaction mixture was collected by 50 μL, acetonitrile (50 μL) was addedthereto, respectively, and mixed, and the mixture was centrifuged at12,000×g, 4° C. for 3 min. The concentration of compound (A) in thesupernatant was measured by HPLC.

The compounds of Examples 1-5, 8, 9, 12, 15, 19, 22, 23, 30, 60, 61, 69,72-75, 93, 95-98, 105, 108, 111, 112, 114, 118-120, 134, 136, 137, 140,141, 146 and 147 were rapidly converted to compound (A) by the plasmaand liver microsome of rat. In addition, they were gradually convertedto compound (A) in human plasma, and markedly and rapidly converted tocompound (A) in human or beagle liver microsome.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof is effective as a prodrug of a naphthofuran compound usefulas an anticancer agent, or an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment ofcancer metastasis and/or cancer recurrence. In addition, a medicament 35containing the compound of the present invention shows high oralabsorbability and less side effects, and therefore, it can be a highlysafe therapeutic agent for cancer or an agent for the prophylaxis ortreatment of cancer metastasis and/or cancer recurrence.

The present invention is based on patent application Nos. 2014-119113and 2015-021492 filed in Japan, the contents of which are incorporatedin full herein.

1.-11. (canceled)
 12. A compound represented by the formula (IA):

wherein R¹ in the number of n are each independently a hydrogen atom, ahalogen atom, hydroxy, amino, cyano, nitro, C₁₋₁₂ alkyl optionallysubstituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₂₋₆alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, C₃₋₇ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selectedfrom substituent group α, aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s)selected from substituent group α, a heterocyclyl group optionallysubstituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₁₋₆alkoxy optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, aryloxy optionally substituted by substituent(s)selected from substituent group α, C₁₋₆ alkylthio optionally substitutedby substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, or arylthiooptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, or two R¹ bonded to the adjacent carbon atoms on a benzene ring areoptionally joined to form C₁₋₄ alkylenedioxy optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, R² is C₁₋₁₂ alkyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, or a heterocyclylgroup optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituentgroup α, R³ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, cyano, nitro, C₁₋₁₂alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituentgroup α, C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selectedfrom substituent group α, C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, C₃₋₇ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selectedfrom substituent group α, aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s)selected from substituent group α, a heterocyclyl group optionallysubstituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₁₋₆alkoxy optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, aryloxy optionally substituted by substituent(s)selected from substituent group α, C₁₋₆ alkylthio optionally substitutedby substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, or arylthiooptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, n is an integer of 1-4, and the substituent group α consists of ahalogen atom, hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonyl, a sulfo group, a phosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkylphosphoric acid group, cyano, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, optionally substituted aryl, optionallysubstituted aryloxy, aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy, an optionally substitutedheterocyclyl group, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl,heterocyclylcarbonyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy,heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy, heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy, optionallysubstituted heterocyclyloxy, tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonyl and C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 13. A compound represented bythe formula (I):

wherein R¹ is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R² is C₁₋₁₂ alkyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, C₂₋₆ alkenyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromsubstituent group α, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, or a heterocyclylgroup optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituentgroup α, n is an integer of 1-4, and the substituent group α consists ofa halogen atom, hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonyl, a sulfo group, a phosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkylphosphoric acid group, cyano, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇cycloalkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl C₁₋₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆ alkylthio, optionally substituted aryl, optionallysubstituted aryloxy, aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy, an optionally substitutedheterocyclyl group, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyl,heterocyclylcarbonyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxy,optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy,heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy, heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy, optionallysubstituted heterocyclyloxy, tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonyl and C₁₋₆ alkylsulfamoylcarbonyl, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 14. The compound according toclaim 12, wherein the substituent group α consists of a halogen atom,hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl, asulfo group, a phosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acidgroup, cyano, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionallysubstituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy, anoptionally substituted heterocyclyl group, optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxy, optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy,heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy, heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy, optionallysubstituted heterocyclyloxy and tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 15. The compound according toclaim 13, wherein the substituent group α consists of a halogen atom,hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyl, asulfo group, a phosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acidgroup, cyano, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionallysubstituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, aryl C₁₋₆ alkoxy, anoptionally substituted heterocyclyl group, optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxy, optionally substituted C₃₋₇ cycloalkylcarbonyloxy,heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy,optionally substituted heterocyclyl C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy, heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy, optionallysubstituted heterocyclyloxy and tri C₁₋₆ alkylammonio, or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 16. The compound according toclaim 13, wherein R² is C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from substituent group α, C₂₋₆ alkenyloptionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent groupα, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selectedfrom substituent group α, aryl optionally substituted by substituent(s)selected from substituent group α, aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl optionallysubstituted by substituent(s) selected from substituent group α, or aheterocyclyl group optionally substituted by substituent(s) selectedfrom substituent group α, and the substituent group α consists of ahalogen atom, hydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfogroup, a phosphoric acid group, cyano, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, aryl and a heterocyclyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof.
 17. The compound according to claim 13, wherein R² is (1)C₁₋₆ alkyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected fromhydroxy, optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfo group, aphosphoric acid group, a di C₁₋₆ alkyl phosphoric acid group, aheterocyclyl group, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonylxy, heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₇cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy and heterocyclyloxycarbonyloxy; (2) C₂₋₆alkynyl optionally substituted by substituent(s) selected from hydroxy,optionally substituted amino, carboxy, a sulfo group, a phosphoric acidgroup and a heterocyclyl group; (3) a heterocyclyl group optionallysubstituted by substituent(s) selected from hydroxy and optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl; or (4) aryl C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted bysubstituent(s) selected from hydroxy, optionally substituted amino,carboxy, a sulfo group, a phosphoric acid group and a heterocyclylgroup, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 18. The compoundaccording to claim 13, wherein R² is (1) C₁₋₆ alkyl optionallysubstituted by substituent(s) selected from hydroxy, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ alkoxy, optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkylcarbonyloxyand heterocyclylcarbonyloxy; or (2) C₂₋₆ alkynyl optionally substitutedby substituent(s) selected from optionally substituted amino and aheterocyclyl group; or (3) a heterocyclyl group optionally substitutedby optionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof.
 19. The compound according to any one of claims 12 to 18,wherein R¹ in the number of n is a hydrogen atom, or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof.
 20. A pharmaceutical composition comprising acompound according to any one of claims 12 to 18 or a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
 21. A pharmaceuticalcomposition comprising a compound according to claim 19 or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
 22. Ananticancer agent comprising a compound according to any one of claims 12to 18 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an activeingredient.
 23. An anticancer agent comprising a compound according toclaim 19 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an activeingredient.
 24. A prophylactic or therapeutic agent for cancer, cancermetastasis, and/or cancer recurrence, comprising a compound according toany one of claims 12 to 18 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereofas an active ingredient.
 25. A prophylactic or therapeutic agent forcancer, cancer metastasis, and/or cancer recurrence, comprising acompound according to claim 19 or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof as an active ingredient.
 26. The agent according to claim 22,targeting a cancer stem cell.
 27. The agent according to claim 23,targeting a cancer stem cell.
 28. The agent according to claim 24,targeting a cancer stem cell.
 29. The agent according to claim 25,targeting a cancer stem cell.